Variable | Not Depressed n (%) | Depressed n (%) | t/χ2 |
---|---|---|---|
Gender | Â | Â | 6.19* |
 Male | 177 (35.26) | 325 (64.74) |  |
 Female | 152 (28.10) | 389 (71.90) |  |
Age [Mean (SD)] | 61.37 (13.77) | 63.43 (11.76) | −2.48* |
Education [Mean (SD)] | 5.73 (3.54) | 5.12 (3.47) | 2.62** |
Marital status | Â | Â | 2.57 |
 Married | 291 (32.48) | 605 (67.52) |  |
 Other | 38 (25.85) | 109 (74.15) |  |
Living status | Â | Â | 3.25 |
 Live alone | 19 (24.05) | 60 (75.95) |  |
 Empty Nest | 168 (30.83) | 377 (69.17) |  |
 Other | 142 (33.89) | 277 (66.11) |  |
Economic status | Â | Â | 56.64*** |
 Economic surplus | 73 (48.99) | 76 (51.01) |  |
 Sufficient means | 177 (36.80) | 304 (63.20) |  |
 Having difficulties | 79 (19.13) | 334 (80.87) |  |
Number of diseases [Mean (SD)] | 1.13 (0.40) | 1.14 (0.39) | −0.36 |
Self-rated health status [Mean (SD)] | 2.88 (0.81) | 3.63 (0.77) | −14.39*** |
Social networks | |||
 Number of frequent contacts [Mean (SD)] | 6.74 (6.20) | 4.86 (5.05) | 5.21*** |
 Occupations of frequent contacts |  |  | 21.93*** |
  None | 5 (7.94) | 58 (92.06) |  |
  Farmer | 195 (30.71) | 440 (69.29) |  |
  Other | 129 (37.39) | 216 (62.61) |  |
Social participation | |||
 Number of group involvement [Mean (SD)] | 0.26 (0.45) | 0.12 (0.35) | 5.34*** |
 Number of group activities participated in the last month [Mean (SD)] | 0.59 (1.14) | 0.23 (0.75) | 6.02*** |
Social reciprocity | |||
 Economic help in need |  |  | 63.00*** |
  Agree totally | 181 (46.29) | 210 (53.71) |  |
  Other | 148 (22.70) | 504 (77.30) |  |
 Mental help in need |  |  | 59.80*** |
  Agree totally | 206 (43.83) | 264 (56.17) |  |
  Other | 123 (21.47) | 450 (78.53) |  |
Social trust | |||
 Trust in relatives and friends |  |  | 39.26*** |
  Agree totally | 263 (37.95) | 430 (62.05) |  |
  Other | 66 (18.86) | 284 (81.14) |  |
 Trust in most people around |  |  | 26.16*** |
  Agree totally | 209 (38.63) | 332 (61.37) |  |
  Other | 120 (23.90) | 382 (76.10) |  |
 Trust in doctors |  |  | 8.59** |
  Agree totally | 259 (34.12) | 500 (65.88) |  |
  Other | 70 (24.65) | 214 (75.35) |  |
Social support | |||
 Daily life-care support |  |  | 0.44 |
  Spouse | 125 (32.81) | 256 (67.19) |  |
  Other | 204 (30.82) | 458 (69.18) |  |
 Producing activities assistance |  |  | 1.34 |
  Spouse | 117 (33.91) | 228 (66.09) |  |
  Other | 212 (30.37) | 486 (69.63) |  |
 Medical convenience |  |  | 0.56 |
  Spouse | 75 (29.64) | 178 (70.36) |  |
  Other | 254 (32.15) | 536 (67.85) |  |
 Spiritual comfort |  |  | 0.05 |
  Spouse | 104 (32.00) | 221 (68.00) |  |
  Other | 225 (31.34) | 493 (68.66) |  |
 Distance to the nearest medical institution [Mean (SD)] | 0.54 (0.45) | 0.61 (0.53) | −1.94 |