| N (%) | Score of cognitive assessment |  | Positive screening for MCI |  | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MMSE | p-value | MoCA | p-value | MMSE | MoCA | ||||||
mean ± SD | P50 (P25, P75) | mean ± SD | P50 (P25, P75) | n (%) | p-value | n (%) | p-value | ||||
Age group (years) |  |  |  | < 0.0001 |  |  | < 0.0001 |  | < 0.0001 |  | < 0.0001 |
 55–64 | 2042 (41.5) | 26.5 ± 4.1 | 28 (25, 30) |  | 23.8 ± 5.5 | 25 (20, 29) |  | 496 (24.3) |  | 650 (31.8) |  |
 65–74 | 2004 (40.7) | 25.5 ± 4.7 | 27 (23, 29) |  | 22.5 ± 5.9 | 23 (19, 27) |  | 550 (27.5) |  | 708 (35.3) |  |
 75- | 877 (17.8) | 23.2 ± 6.0 | 24 (20, 28) |  | 20.0 ± 6.8 | 21 (15, 25) |  | 363 (41.4) |  | 423 (48.2) |  |
Gender |  |  |  | < 0.0001 |  |  | < 0.0001 |  | 0.1478 |  | 0.5845 |
 male | 2162 (43.9) | 26.0 ± 4.3 | 27 (24, 29) |  | 23.2 ± 5.5 | 24 (20, 28) |  | 596 (27.6) |  | 773 (35.8) |  |
 female | 2761 (56.1) | 25.1 ± 5.2 | 27 (22, 29) |  | 22.1 ± 6.5 | 23 (18, 28) |  | 813 (29.5) |  | 1008 (36.5) |  |
Educational level |  |  |  | < 0.0001 |  |  | < 0.0001 |  | 0.1124 |  | 0.0004 |
 below elementary school | 1554 (31.6) | 23.0 ± 5.9 | 24 (19, 28) |  | 19.4 ± 7.0 | 20 (14, 25) |  | 521 (33.5) |  | 545 (35.1) |  |
 elementary school | 1211 (24.6) | 25.8 ± 4.3 | 27 (24, 29) |  | 22.6 ± 5.5 | 23 (19, 27) |  | 228 (18.8) |  | 340 (28.1) |  |
 middle school | 1262 (25.6) | 26.9 ± 3.4 | 28 (25, 29) |  | 24.5 ± 4.7 | 25 (21, 29) |  | 425 (33.7) |  | 572 (45.3) |  |
 high school and above | 896 (18.2) | 27.5 ± 3.1 | 29 (26, 30) |  | 25.5 ± 4.0 | 26 (23, 29) |  | 235 (26.2) |  | 324 (36.2) |  |
Current employment |  |  |  | < 0.0001 |  |  | < 0.0001 |  | 0.0046 |  | 0.0009 |
 yes | 849 (17.3) | 26.2 ± 4.4 | 28 (25, 29) |  | 23.6 ± 5.8 | 25 (20, 28) |  | 209 (24.6) |  | 265 (31.2) |  |
 no | 4074 (82.8) | 25.4 ± 4.9 | 27 (23, 29) |  | 22.4 ± 6.1 | 23 (19, 28) |  | 1200 (29.5) |  | 1516 (37.2) |  |
Monthly household income per capital (Chinese yuan) | < 0.0001 |  |  | < 0.0001 |  | < 0.0001 |  | < 0.0001 | |||
 < 1000 | 1107 (22.5) | 23.1 ± 5.7 | 24 (20, 28) |  | 19.3 ± 6.3 | 20 (15, 24) |  | 458 (41.4) |  | 534 (48.2) |  |
 1000–3999 | 3015 (61.2) | 25.9 ± 4.5 | 27 (24, 29) |  | 23.0 ± 5.8 | 24 (19, 28) |  | 831 (27.6) |  | 1072 (35.6) |  |
 4000- | 801 (16.3) | 27.6 ± 3.2 | 29 (27, 30) |  | 25.8 ± 4.6 | 27 (23, 30) |  | 120 (15.0) |  | 175 (21.9) |  |
Residence area |  |  |  | < 0.0001 |  |  | < 0.0001 |  | < 0.0001 |  | < 0.0001 |
 urban | 1321 (26.8) | 27.5 ± 3.3 | 29 (26, 30) |  | 25.7 ± 4.5 | 27 (23, 30) |  | 261 (19.8) |  | 325 (24.6) |  |
 suburban | 1095 (22.2) | 26.7 ± 3.4 | 29 (28, 30) |  | 24.3 ± 4.7 | 25 (21, 28) |  | 228 (20.8) |  | 312 (28.5) |  |
 county town | 1183 (24.0) | 25.0 ± 5.3 | 27 (23, 29) |  | 21.5 ± 6.0 | 22 (18, 26) |  | 347 (29.3) |  | 482 (40.7) |  |
 village | 1324 (26.9) | 23.0 ± 5.5 | 24 (20, 27) |  | 19.1 ± 6.4 | 19 (15, 24) |  | 573 (43.3) |  | 662 (50.0) |  |
Current smoking | Â | Â | Â | 0.5812 | Â | Â | 0.3050 | Â | 0.0261 | Â | 0.0202 |
 yes | 770 (15.6) | 25.7 ± 4.2 | 27 (23, 29) |  | 22.6 ± 5.5 | 23 (19, 27) |  | 246 (32.0) |  | 307 (39.9) |  |
 no | 4153 (84.4) | 25.5 ± 5.0 | 27 (23, 29) |  | 22.6 ± 6.2 | 23 (19, 28) |  | 1163 (28.0) |  | 1474 (35.5) |  |
Alcohol intake |  |  |  | < 0.0001 |  |  | < 0.0001 |  | 0.2011 |  | 0.6954 |
 yes | 843 (17.1) | 26.4 ± 3.8 | 28 (25, 29) |  | 23.6 ± 5.1 | 24 (20, 28) |  | 226 (26.8) |  | 300 (35.6) |  |
 no | 4080 (82.9) | 25.3 ± 5.0 | 27 (23, 29) |  | 22.4 ± 6.3 | 23 (18, 28) |  | 1183 (29.0) |  | 1481 (36.3) |  |
Meeting sleep duration recommendation |  | < 0.0001 |  |  | < 0.0001 |  | 0.0049 |  | 0.0031 | ||
 yes | 3346 (68.0) | 25.8 ± 4.8 | 27 (24, 29) |  | 22.9 ± 5.9 | 24 (19, 28) |  | 916 (27.4) |  | 1164 (34.8) |  |
 no | 1577 (32.0) | 25.0 ± 4.9 | 26 (22, 29) |  | 21.9 ± 6.3 | 23 (18, 27) |  | 493 (31.3) |  | 617 (39.1) |  |
Hypertension history |  |  |  | < 0.0001 |  |  | < 0.0001 |  | < 0.0001 |  | < 0.0001 |
 yes | 1567 (31.8) | 24.8 ± 5.4 | 26 (22, 29) |  | 21.6 ± 6.5 | 22 (18, 27) |  | 519 (33.1) |  | 628 (40.1) |  |
 no | 3356 (68.2) | 25.9 ± 4.5 | 27 (24, 29) |  | 23.0 ± 5.8 | 24 (19, 28) |  | 890 (26.5) |  | 1153 (34.4) |  |
Diabetes history | Â | Â | Â | 0.4925 | Â | Â | 0.5552 | Â | 0.2211 | Â | 0.2125 |
 yes | 477 (9.7) | 25.5 ± 4.7 | 27 (23, 29) |  | 22.6 ± 5.8 | 23 (19, 27) |  | 148 (31.0) |  | 185 (38.8) |  |
 no | 4446 (90.3) | 25.5 ± 4.9 | 27 (23, 29) |  | 22.6 ± 6.1 | 23 (19, 28) |  | 1261 (28.4) |  | 1596 (35.9) |  |
Stroke history | Â | Â | Â | 0.6533 | Â | Â | 0.7690 | Â | 0.7364 | Â | 0.5581 |
 yes | 96 (2.0) | 25.6 ± 4.5 | 27 (23, 29) |  | 22.9 ± 5.8 | 24 (19, 28) |  | 26 (27.1) |  | 32 (33.3) |  |
 no | 4827 (98.1) | 25.5 ± 4.9 | 27 (23, 29) |  | 22.6 ± 6.1 | 23 (19, 28) |  | 1383 (28.7) |  | 1749 (36.2) |  |
Myocardial infarction history | Â | Â | 0.6396 | Â | Â | 0.8370 | Â | 0.4333 | Â | 0.4272 | |
 yes | 93 (1.9) | 25.6 ± 4.6 | 27 (23, 29) |  | 22.9 ± 5.4 | 24 (20, 26) |  | 30 (32.3) |  | 30 (32.3) |  |
 no | 4830 (98.1) | 25.5 ± 4.9 | 27 (23, 29) |  | 22.6 ± 6.1 | 23 (19, 28) |  | 1379 (28.6) |  | 1751 (36.3) |  |
Depression |  |  |  | < 0.0001 |  |  | < 0.0001 |  | 0.0013 |  | 0.0293 |
 yes | 424 (8.6) | 24.1 ± 5.7 | 26 (21, 29) |  | 21.2 ± 7.0 | 22 (16, 27) |  | 150 (35.4) |  | 174 (41.0) |  |
 no | 4499 (91.4) | 25.6 ± 4.7 | 27 (23, 29) |  | 22.7 ± 6.0 | 23 (19, 28) |  | 1259 (28.0) |  | 1607 (35.7) |  |
Totala | 4923 (100) | 25.5 ± 4.9 | 27 (23, 29) |  | 22.6 ± 6.1 | 23 (19, 28) |  | 1409 (28.6) |  | 1781 (36.2) |  |