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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of participants with different esophageal lesions in ECHRRs

From: The association between depression and esophageal cancer in China: a multicentre population-based study

Characteristics

Esophageal pathology

Chi-square test

P Value

Health

N = 10,907

Esophagitis

N = 4048

LGIN

N = 769

HGIN

N = 157

EC

N = 55

Total

N = 15,936

Age, (Mean ± SD)

54.48 ± 7.66

56.65 ± 7.53

60.65 ± 6.23

62.71 ± 5.86

61.49 ± 6.42

55.44 ± 7.74

466.28a

< 0.001

PHQ-9 score, Median (Q1-Q3)

1.00 (0.00–4.00)

0.00 (0.00–4.00)

0.00 (0.00–4.00)

1.00 (0.00–4.00)

1.00 (0.00–4.00)

0.00 (0.00–4.00)

159.74b

< 0.001

Age (years), n (%)

      

249.37

< 0.001

  ≤ 50

3776 (34.62)

963 (23.79)

48 (6.24)

5 (3.18)

3 (5.45)

4795 (30.09)

  

 51–60

4249 (38.96)

1636 (40.42)

292 (37.97)

40 (25.48)

17 (30.91)

6234 (39.12)

  

  > 60

2882 (26.42)

1449 (35.81)

429 (55.79)

112 (71.34)

35 (63.64)

4907 (30.79)

  

Gender, n (%)

      

12.74

0.013

 Male

4471 (40.99)

1686 (41.65)

337 (43.82)

79 (50.32)

31 (56.36)

6604 (41.44)

  

 Female

6436 (59.01)

2362 (58.35)

432 (56.18)

78 (49.68)

24 (43.64)

9332 (58.56)

  

Region, n (%)

      

186.87

< 0.001

 Linzhou

1260 (11.55)

767 (18.95)

170 (22.11)

38 (24.2)

13 (23.64)

2248 (14.11)

  

 Cixian

2878 (26.39)

1041 (25.72)

203 (26.4)

44 (28.03)

15 (27.27)

4181 (26.24)

  

 Feicheng

3222 (29.54)

375 (9.26)

212 (27.57)

35 (22.29)

19 (34.55)

3863 (24.24)

  

 Yanting

3193 (29.27)

146 (3.61)

77 (10.01)

32 (20.38)

6 (10.91)

3454 (21.67)

  

 Yangzhong

354 (3.25)

1719 (42.47)

107 (13.91)

8 (5.1)

2 (3.64)

2190 (13.74)

  

Marital status, n (%)

      

76.66

< 0.001

 Married

10,294 (94.38)

3682 (90.96)

689 (89.60)

137 (87.26)

49 (89.09)

14,851 (93.19)

  

 Unmarried/Living alone/divorced/widowed

613 (5.62)

366 (9.04)

80 (10.40)

20 (12.74)

6 (10.91)

1085 (6.81)

  

Highest education level, n (%)

      

86.02

< 0.001

 Primary school or below

5393 (49.45)

1845 (45.58)

454 (59.04)

104 (66.24)

35 (63.64)

7831 (49.14)

  

 Junior or senior high school

5424 (49.73)

2152 (53.16)

313 (40.7)

53 (33.76)

20 (36.36)

7962 (49.96)

  

 Undergraduate or over

83 (0.76)

44 (1.09)

2 (0.26)

0 (0.00)

0 (0.00)

129 (0.81)

  

 Unknown

7 (0.06)

7 (0.17)

0 (0.00)

0 (0.00)

0 (0.00)

14 (0.09)

  

Occupation, n (%)

      

761.90

< 0.001

 Agriculture or related workers

7140 (65.46)

1745 (43.11)

495 (64.37)

121 (77.07)

46 (83.64)

9547 (59.91)

  

 Factory workers

1393 (12.77)

947 (23.39)

76 (9.88)

9 (5.73)

2 (3.64)

2427 (15.23)

  

 Housewife or househusband

1296 (11.88)

646 (15.96)

128 (16.64)

16 (10.19)

3 (5.45)

2089 (13.11)

  

 Administrator or manager or professional or technical

216 (1.98)

114 (2.82)

13 (1.69)

2 (1.27)

1 (1.82)

346 (2.17)

  

 Self-employed or sales or service workers

552 (5.06)

309 (7.63)

20 (2.60)

2 (1.27)

1 (1.82)

884 (5.55)

  

 Retired

97 (0.89)

115 (2.84)

9 (1.17)

4 (2.55)

0 (0.00)

225 (1.41)

  

 Unemployed

42 (0.39)

29 (0.72)

4 (0.52)

1 (0.66)

0 (0.00)

76 (0.48)

  

 Unknown

171 (1.57)

143 (3.53)

24 (3.12)

2 (1.27)

2 (3.64)

342 (2.15)

  

Household income (ten thousand RMB/year), n (%)

      

1147.08

< 0.001

  < 3.0

1591 (14.59)

631 (15.59)

211 (27.44)

48 (30.57)

11 (20)

2492 (15.64)

  

 3.0–7.0

6617 (60.67)

1579 (39.01)

367 (47.72)

78 (49.68)

33 (60)

8674 (54.43)

  

 7.0–11.0

2247 (20.6)

1046 (25.84)

142 (18.47)

26 (16.56)

11 (20)

3472 (21.79)

  

  ≥ 11.0

452 (4.14)

792 (19.57)

49 (6.37)

5 (3.18)

0 (0.00)

1298 (8.15)

  

Smoking status, n (%)

      

22.80

0.004

 Do not smoke

8640 (79.22)

3099 (76.56)

602 (78.28)

117 (74.52)

36 (65.45)

12,494 (78.40)

  

 Only occasionally

331 (3.03)

136 (3.36)

17 (2.21)

6 (3.82)

1 (1.82)

491 (3.08)

  

 Most days/almost every day

1936 (17.75)

813 (20.08)

150 (19.51)

34 (21.66)

18 (32.73)

2951 (18.52)

  

Alcohol consumption, n (%)

      

57.13

< 0.001

 Never or almost never

6922 (63.46)

2614 (64.58)

510 (66.32)

91 (57.96)

27 (49.09)

10,164 (63.78)

  

 Only occasionally

2535 (23.24)

806 (19.91)

135 (17.56)

31 (19.75)

10 (18.18)

3517 (22.07)

  

 Most days/almost every day

1450 (13.29)

628 (15.51)

124 (16.12)

35 (22.29)

18 (32.73)

2255 (14.15)

  

Tea consumption, n (%)

      

414.12

< 0.001

 Never or almost never

5190 (47.58)

2641 (65.24)

440 (57.22)

88 (56.05)

27 (49.09)

8386 (52.62)

  

 Only occasionally

2564 (23.51)

694 (17.14)

111 (14.43)

35 (22.29)

8 (14.55)

3412 (21.41)

  

 Most days/almost every day

3153 (28.91)

713 (17.61)

218 (28.35)

34 (21.66)

20 (36.36)

4138 (25.97)

  

Physical activities, n (%)

      

132.70

< 0.001

 Never or almost never

9544 (87.5)

3344 (82.61)

665 (86.48)

137 (87.26)

49 (89.09)

13,739 (86.21)

  

 1–2 times / week

217 (1.99)

160 (3.95)

14 (1.82)

2 (1.27)

1 (1.82)

394 (2.47)

  

 3–5 times / week

170 (1.56)

163 (4.03)

10 (1.30)

1 (0.64)

1 (1.82)

345 (2.16)

  

 Daily/almost every day

976 (8.95)

381 (9.41)

80 (10.40)

17 (10.83)

4 (7.27)

1458 (9.15)

  

Life satisfaction status, n (%)

      

36.46

< 0.001

 Very satisfied

2307 (21.15)

774 (19.12)

181 (23.54)

34 (21.66)

10 (18.18)

3306 (20.75)

  

 Basically satisfied

7622 (69.88)

2817 (69.59)

503 (65.41)

112 (71.34)

38 (69.09)

11,092 (69.60)

  

 General

948 (8.69)

432 (10.67)

82 (10.66)

10 (6.37)

7 (12.73)

1479 (9.28)

  

 Not satisfied

30 (0.28)

25 (0.62)

3 (0.39)

1 (0.64)

0 (0.00)

59 (0.37)

  

Self-rated health status, n (%)

      

254.46

< 0.001

 Excellent

2592 (23.76)

739 (18.26)

191 (24.84)

36 (22.93)

14 (25.45)

3572 (22.41)

  

 Good

6449 (59.13)

2169 (53.58)

382 (49.67)

82 (52.23)

26 (47.27)

9108 (57.15)

  

 General

1766 (16.19)

1092 (26.98)

188 (24.45)

36 (22.93)

15 (27.27)

3097 (19.43)

  

 Fair-poor

100 (0.92)

48 (1.19)

8 (1.04)

3 (1.91)

0 (0.00)

159 (1.00)

  

BMI (kg/m2), n (%)

      

31.67

0.002

  < 18.5

187 (1.71)

79 (1.95)

18 (2.34)

5 (3.18)

1 (1.82)

290 (1.82)

  

 18.5–25.0

6107 (55.99)

2364 (58.40)

458 (59.56)

102 (64.97)

36 (65.45)

9067 (56.90)

  

 25.0–30.0

3900 (35.76)

1402 (34.63)

253 (32.90)

44 (28.03)

17 (30.91)

5616 (35.24)

  

  ≥ 30.0

713 (6.54)

203 (5.01)

40 (5.20)

6 (3.82)

1 (1.82)

963 (6.04)

  

Depression symptoms

      

27.54

< 0.001

 Depression (PHQ-9 ≥ 7)

505 (4.63)

121 (2.99)

23 (2.99)

9 (5.73)

5 (9.09)

663 (4.16)

  

 Non-depression (PHQ-9 < 7)

10,402 (95.37)

3927 (97.01)

746 (97.01)

148 (94.27)

50 (90.91)

15,273 (95.84)

  
  1. SD Standard deviation, RMB Renminbi, BMI Body mass index, LGIN Low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, HGIN High-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, EC Esophageal cancer
  2. Q1: First Quartile, the 25th percentile; Q3: Third Quartile, the 75th percentile
  3. a Age between groups was compared using analysis of variance (ANOVA)
  4. b Kruskal-Wallis test