Sex, n (%) | |
Male | 21 (17.2) |
Female | 101 (82.8) |
Age, mean years (SD) | 45.3 (12.2) |
≤55 years, n (%) | 95 (77.9) |
Race, n (%) | |
White | 83 (69.2) |
Black or African American | 28 (23.3) |
Asian | 5 (4.2) |
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 1 (0.8) |
Multiraciala | 3 (2.5) |
Unknown | 2 (1.6) |
Ethnicity, n (%) | |
Hispanic or Latino | 28 (23.0) |
Employment status, n (%)b | |
Employed full-time | 32 (27.6) |
Employed part-time | 22 (19.0) |
Self-employed | 15 (12.9) |
Not employedc | 48 (41.7) |
BMI, mean kg/m2 (SD) | 34.1 (9.7) |
PHQ-9,d mean (SD) | 15.7 (4.8) |
Previous antidepressant medication, n of medications (%) | |
SSRIs | |
Fluoxetine | 34 (16.8) |
Sertraline | 25 (12.4) |
Escitalopram | 24 (11.9) |
Citalopram | 25 (12.4) |
Paroxetine | 11 (5.4) |
SNRIs | |
Venlafaxine | 21 (10.4) |
Duloxetine | 9 (4.5) |
Desvenlafaxine | 3 (1.5) |
NDRIs | |
Bupropion | 32 (15.8) |
Other | |
Trazodone | 9 (4.5) |
Vilazodone | 6 (3.0) |
Amitriptyline | 1 (0.5) |
Doxepin | 1 (0.5) |
Mirtazapine | 1 (0.5) |
Reason for switching from previous medication, n (%) | |
Inadequate response | 39 (32) |
Not working fast enough | 37 (30) |
Not meeting treatment goals | 28 (23) |
Problems with focus/concentration | 9 (7) |
Side effect | 5 (4) |
Other | 5 (4) |
Patients with concurrent medical conditions, n (%) | 122 (100) |
Blood and lymphatic system disorders | 4 (3.3) |
Cardiac disorders | 1 (0.8) |
Congenital, familial, and genetic disorders | 2 (1.6) |
Ear and labyrinth disorders | 3 (2.5) |
Endocrine disorders | 20 (16.4) |
Eye disorders | 17 (13.9) |
Gastrointestinal disorders | 29 (23.8) |
General disorders | 4 (3.3) |
Hepatobiliary disorders | 2 (1.6) |
Immune system disorders | 41 (33.6) |
Infections and infestations | 13 (10.7) |
Investigations | 17 (13.9) |
Metabolism and nutrition disorders | 46 (37.7) |
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders | 41 (33.6) |
Neoplasms benign, malignant, and unspecified (including cysts and polyps) | 1 (0.8) |
Nervous system disorders | 44 (36.1) |
Renal and urinary disorders | 6 (4.9) |
Reproductive system and breast disorders | 10 (8.2) |
Respiratory, thoracic, and mediastinal disorders | 26 (21.3) |
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders | 17 (13.9) |
Social circumstances | 23 (18.9) |
Surgical and medical procedures | 4 (3.3) |
Vascular disorders | 27 (22.1) |
Patients with concurrent psychiatric disorders,e n (%) | |
Insomnia related to another medical condition | 28 (23.0) |
Anxiety | 18 (14.8) |
Depression | 17 (13.9) |
Generalized anxiety disorder | 5 (4.1) |
Insomnia | 5 (4.1) |
Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder | 2 (1.6) |
Initial insomnia | 1 (0.8) |
Nightmare | 1 (0.8) |
Obsessive compulsive disorder | 1 (0.8) |
Panic disorder | 1 (0.8) |
Performance fear | 1 (0.8) |
Post-traumatic stress disorder | 1 (0.8) |
Sleep disorder | 1 (0.8) |
Stress | 1 (0.8) |