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Table 2 Differences in functioning between preschoolers with ADHD and preschoolers with no or other problems

From: Cognitive, emotional, and social functioning of preschoolers with attention deficit hyperactivity problems

Domain

TDC vs ADHD w/ impairm

TDC vs ADHD w/o impairm

TDC vs All ADHD

Other MHP vs All ADHD

AL

−0.97 (−1.14, −0.82; 1.00)

−0.74 (−0.99, −0.47; 0.97)

−0.92 (−1.07, −0.78; 1.00)

−0.89 (−1.41, −0.37; 0.88)

EF

−1.02 (−1.17, −0.87; 1.00)

−0.58 (−0.82, −0.33; 0.74)

−0.91 (−1.04, −0.77; 1.00)

−0.48 (−0.92, −0.07; 0.44)

CO

−0.55 (−0.70, −0.40; 0.73)

−0.40 (−0.66, −0.17; 0.22)

−0.51 (−0.65, −0.37; 0.58)

−0.28 (−0.81, 0.32; 0.28)

LA

−0.53 (−0.68, −0.38; 0.67)

−0.09 (−0.34, 0.15; 0.00)

−0.43 (−0.55, −0.28; 0.16)

0.36 (−0.41, 1.31; 0.02)

ER

−0.71 (−0.86, −0.55; 0.99)

−0.31 (−0.56, −0.06; 0.07)

−0.62 (−0.75, −0.47; 0.95)

−0.12 (−0.62, 0.33; 0.1)

IN

−0.18 (−0.32, −0.01; 0.00)

0.12 (−0.13, 0.36; 0.00)

−0.11 (−0.24, 0.04; 0.00)

0.14 (−0.34, 0.58; 0.01)

SO

0.11 (−0.05, 0.27; 0.00)

0.02 (−0.21, 0.26; 0.00)

0.09 (−0.07, 0.22; 0.00)

0.47 (−0.06, 1.21; 0)

  1. Values are mean (lower, upper 90% HDI; P(SMD < -0.5)). See main text for abreviations LA – SO
  2. SMD Standardized mean deviations