Table 1 The characteristics of participants

Age (years)

44.03 ± 16.31

48.56 ± 15.63

46.98 ± 16.27

47.67 ± 16.00

42.14 ± 16.64

39.84 ± 15.14

<0.0001

Gender (%)

<0.0001

 Male

58.12

28.40

37.00

61.84

68.25

70.74

 Female

41.88

71.60

63.00

38.16

31.75

29.26

Race (%)

0.5458

 White

60.03

55.08

55.75

63.56

60.62

61.68

 Black

8.58

13.97

11.00

8.51

7.53

5.90

 Hispanic

20.04

19.54

25.65

18.98

17.84

20.01

 Other

11.36

11.41

7.60

8.94

14.00

12.42

BMI (kg/m²)

31.89 ± 7.91

35.24 ± 11.22

34.40 ± 8.89

32.29 ± 7.66

31.66 ± 5.92

29.01 ± 6.11

<0.0001

Alcohol consumption (%)

0.0040

 Never

7.21

6.47

8.69

6.09

4.08

10.45

 Mild

38.20

44.12

28.16

37.13

48.75

31.69

 Moderate

42.48

33.61

57.39

42.39

37.40

43.28

 Excessive

12.01

15.80

5.75

14.40

9.77

14.58

CAP (%)

0.0029

 <274 dB/m

38.42

51.23

24.70

33.99

37.54

43.86

 ≥274 dB/m

61.58

48.77

75.30

66.01

62.46

56.14

LSM (%)

0.0290

 <8.2 kPa

79.96

68.71

77.30

78.01

82.13

85.60

 ≥8.2 kPa

20.04

31.29

22.70

21.99

17.87

14.40

ALT (U/L)

51.93 ± 29.72

47.52 ± 24.97

48.59 ± 29.16

53.61 ± 36.10

53.63 ± 29.46

52.98 ± 27.16

0.4032

AST (U/L)

40.79 ± 25.06

44.79 ± 31.25

40.41 ± 24.68

39.55 ± 23.56

37.86 ± 18.67

42.80 ± 27.86

0.2255

TB (mg/dL)

0.52 ± 0.29

0.38 ± 0.20

0.43 ± 0.23

0.54 ± 0.26

0.53 ± 0.31

0.62 ± 0.30

<0.0001

PHQ-9 score

3.25 ± 3.86

4.42 ± 4.45

3.61 ± 3.96

3.88 ± 4.56

2.76 ± 3.58

2.58 ± 2.98

0.0008

Antidepressant use (%)

0.0103

 +

11.13

17.70

16.69

14.09

7.97

6.27

 -

88.87

82.30

83.31

85.91

92.03

93.73