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Table 3 Differences of PHQ-9 scores in categorical variables

From: Association of Covid-19 pandemic-related stress and depressive symptoms among international medical students

Variables

 

Median

Mann-whitney U/

Kruskal-Wallis H

Gender

Male

2

33,403

 

Female

2

 

Educational background

Undergraduate

2

7.75

 

Master’s

0

 
 

Doctoral

2

 
 

Trainees

1

 

Current place of residence

China

1.5

3.15

 

Asia outside China

2

 
 

Other continents

1

 

Residence style

Live with family or friends

2

25,680*

 

Live alone

3

 

Outbreak in the city

No

1#â–³

11.46**

 

Yes

2

 
 

Do not know the actual situation

3

 
  1. Notes: * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01; # P < 0.01 compared with yes, △ P < 0.01 compared with do not know the actual situation