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Table 1 Demographics, cognitive functions and clinical characteristics

From: Reduced learning bias towards the reward context in medication-naive first-episode schizophrenia patients

Variablesa

SZ

(n=29)

HC

(n=40)

χ2/t (df)

p-value

Cohen’s d

Age (years)

24.69 (6.16)

25.78 (3.54)

-0.85b (41.32)

0.40

-0.23

Male gender, n (%)

19(65.5)

17(42.5)

3.57c (67)

0.06

0.23d

Length of Education (years)

13.59 (2.72)

14.15 (4.12)

-0.68b (66.5)

0.50

-0.17

IQ estimates

107.52 (12.74)

111.55 (15.54)

-1.15b (67)

0.26

0.28

Digit span_forward

8.93 (1.13)

8.77 (1.11)

0.59b (66)

0.56

0.14

Digit span_backward

6.03 (1.57)

6.23 (1.69)

-0.49b (66)

0.63

-0.12

Duration (months)

10.76 (10.08)

    

SANS_Flattened Affect

12.38 (9.09)

    

SANS_Alogia

5.48 (5.24)

    

SANS_avolition

9.48 (3.36)

    

SANS_ anhedonia

13.24 (4.95)

    

SANS_attention

4.83 (3.10)

    

SANS_Total

45.41 (20.58)

    

PANSS_negative

23.55 (8.83)

    

PANSS_positive

18.76 (7.57)

    

PANSS_disorganize

44.34 (10.01)

    

PANSS_Total

86.66 (21.10)

    
  1. Note: SZ schizophrenia patients, HC healthy control, IQ Intelligence Quotient, SANS Schedule for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms, PANSS Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale
  2. aVariables were presented in mean and SD except gender. Gender was presented in number and percentage
  3. bIndependent sample t test
  4. cChi-square
  5. dφ (phi)