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Table 3 The standardized effects and effect sizes of the model path

From: RETRACTED ARTICLE: Factors associated with insomnia among frontline nurses during COVID-19: a cross-sectional survey study

Path

Betaa

SE

Pvalue

t value

95%CIs b

Cohen f 2

Direct path

 DBAS - > Insomnia

0.10

0.02

.001

3.57

0.04–0.13

0.02

 GHQ - > Insomnia

0.35

0.03

<.001

12.39

0.30–0.41

0.33

 DER - > Insomnia

0.14

0.03

<.001

5.17

0.09–0.19

0.06

 Neuroticism - > Insomnia

0.51

0.02

<.001

18.50

0.46–0.55

0.52

 CORPD- > DBAS

0.36

0.04

<.001

8.47

0.27–0.44

0.15

 CORPD- > GHQ

0.45

0.04

<.001

11.15

0.37–0.52

0.25

 CORPD- > DER

0.30

0.05

<.001

6.54

0.21–0.38

0.10

 CORPD- > Insomnia

0.15

0.04

<.001

5.64

0.10–0.20

0.06

 CORPD- > Neuroticism

0.19

0.04

<.001

4.38

0.10–0.26

0.04

  1. Note: a Beta standardized path coefficient, CORPD OVID-19-Related Psychological Distress, DER Difficulties in Emotion Regulation, GHQ The General Health Questionnaire, DBAS Dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes about sleep, b CIs confidence intervals