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Table 1 General demographic characteristics of participants

From: Transdiagnostic symptom subtypes across autism spectrum disorders and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: validated by measures of neurocognition and structural connectivity

 

ASD [1] N = 65

ADHD [2] N = 47

TDC [3] N = 52

F/χ2

p

Post-hoc

Sex (Woman /Man)

10/55

6/41

9/43

0.396

0.821

–

age

9.27(3.56)

8.68(2.26)

8.48(2.42)

1.187

0.308

–

Min

3

6

5

 

Max

17

16

16

 

IQ

92.92(17.45)

109.2(16.99)

105.49(15.12)

15.206

< 0.001***

1 < 2/3

Min

70

73

70

 

Max

128

143

135

 

AQ

44.00(13.85)

32.64(9.91)

33.56(11.13)

16.254

< 0.001***

1 > 2/3

SNAP-IV

35.75(10.84)

41.51(9.61)

25.52(9.93)

31.558

< 0.001***

2 > 1/3

Socialness

18.60(6.59)

11.79(5.94)

11.81(5.67)

24.17

< 0.001***

1 > 2/3

Mindreading

12.29(6.15)

9.89(5.07)

8.25(5.04)

7.97

0.001**

1 > 3

Patterns

6.12(2.85)

6.34(2.53)

6.08(2.57)

0.14

0.872

–

Details

6.31(2.33)

5.79(2.30)

5.44(2.59)

1.92

0.15

–

Perseveration

10.11(3.79)

8.66(2.25)

8.10(3.01)

6.35

0.002**

1 > 3

IA

14.57(4.40)

18.38(3.25)

12.77(4.46)

23.72

< 0.001***

2 > 1/3

HI

10.98(4.17)

14.17(4.91)

9.13(5.24)

14.17

< 0.001***

2 > 1/3

ODD

8.18(4.13)

11.94(4.83)

8.25(4.79)

11.22

< 0.001***

2 > 1/3

ADOS-G

18.04(5.28)

–

–

–

–

–

ADI-R

41.66(16.71)

–

–

–

–

–

PPT-hands

30.98 (9.93)

36.99 (8.01)

36.17 (6.65)

5.244

0.006**

1 < 2/3

PPT-assemble

17.60 (7.25)

22.00 (7.61)

25.61(6.69)

13.184

< 0.001***

1 < 2 < 3

VP

103.06 (15.99)

108.04 (11.02)

113.67(11.48)

5.642

0.004**

1 < 3

MC

94.75 (18.04)

97.15 (17.88)

106.52 (14.06)

5.943

0.003**

1/2 < 3

VMI

96.06 (19.78)

99.57 (16.17)

105.48 (11.86)

2.874

0.59

1 < 3

VF se

14.14 (5.06)

15.13 (4.74)

16.85 (5.61)

3.211

0.043 *

1 < 3

VF ph

4.75 (2.92)

4.00 (2.54)

5.02 (3.04)

1.868

0.158

–

RVP

0.89 (0.09)

0.90 (0.08)

0.91 (0.07)

0.533

0.588

–

SOC

5.65 (3.17)

4.81(2.35)

6.27(2.42)

4.607

0.011*

2 < 3

SWM

−54.58(25.12)

−51.77 (26.13)

−34.73 (27.39)

8.174

< 0.001***

1/2 < 3

IED

−47.23 (23.09)

−48.09 (20.16)

−39.62 (25.50)

2.267

0.107

–

  1. Note: One-Way ANOVA with Bonferroni post-hoc test. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. IQ: intelligence quotient. AQ Autism-Spectrum Quotient total scores; SNAP-IV Swanson Nolan and Pelham, Version IV Scale total scores; socialness: AQ socialness subscale, mindreading: AQ mindreading subscale, patterns: AQ patterns subscale, details: AQ attention to details, perseveration: AQ attention switching/perseveration subscale. IA: SNAP-IV inattention subscale, HI: SNAP-IV hyperactivity/impulsivity, ODD: SNAP-IV oppositional defiant disorder subscale; PPT Purdue Pegbord Test measuring fine motor function, VP visual perception, MC motor coordination, VMI visual motor integration, VF-se semantic verbal fluency, VF-ph phoneny verbal fluency, RVP rapid visual information processing, measure for sustain attention, SOC stockings of cambridge, measure for planning, SWM spatial working memory, measuring working memory, IED Intra−/Extra-dimensional Set-shift Task, measuring regular