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Table 2 Overview of health and cost measurement

From: A review of economic evaluations of health care for people at risk of psychosis and for first-episode psychosis

Author (year)

Type of analysis (measure of health benefit)a

Cost perspective

At-risk populations

Ising et al., 2017 [28]

•CEA (averted psychoses)b

•CUA (QALY using EQ-5D)

•Health care sector

•Societal

Jin et al., 2020 [29]

CUA (QALY using multiple sources for utility)

NHS and personal social services

Perez et al., 2015 [30]

CEA (true-positive referral)

NHS and personal social services

Wijnen et al., 2020 [31]

CUA (QALYs using EQ-5D)

Health care system

First episode psychosis populations

Behan et al., 2020 [32]

CEA (relapse)

•Health sector

•Societal

Breitborde et al., 2009 [33]

CEA (years lived with disability)

Health care system

Cocchi et al., 2011 [34]

CEA (HoNOS)

National health service

Hastrup et al., 2013 [35]

CEA (GAF)

Public sector

Health Quality Ontario 2018 [36]

•CEA (life-year saved, relapse, hospitalisation and suicide)

•CUA (QALY using EQ-5D)

•Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care

•Societal

Jin et al., 2020 [29]

•CUA (QALY using multiple sources for utility)

•NHS and personal social services

McCrone et al., 2010 [37]

CEA (full vocational recovery and MANSA)

Public sector (health, social care and criminal justice)

Mihalopoulos et al., 2009 [38]

CEA (Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale – Positive Symptom subscale)

Government (mental health service sector)

Rosenheck et al., 2016 [39]

•CEA (QLS-SD) b

•CUA (QALY using mapping function applied to estimate utilities from PANSS scores)

Health care system

Stant et al., 2007 [40]

CUA (QALY using EQ-5D)

Societal

Wong et al., 2011 [41]

CEA (per point improvement on PANSS)

Public (health) sector

  1. CEA cost-effectiveness analysis, CUA cost-utility analysis, GAF Global Assessment of Functioning, HoNOS Health of the Nation Outcome Scales, MANSA Manchester Short Assessment of Quality of Life, PANSS Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, QALY quality-adjusted life year, QLS-SD one standard deviation change on the Quality of Life scale
  2. aIf the study reported QALYs, the method to obtain utilities is reported in addition
  3. bSpecified as the primary analysis or the focus of the results