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Table 1 Descriptive Statistics for the GAD-7 and PHQ-9 Scores

From: Measurement invariance of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7) across four European countries during the COVID-19 pandemic

 

UKa

Irelandb

Spainc

Italyd

ANOVA

Contrasts

h2

Mean (SD) GAD-7

5.15 (5.68)

5.03 (5.52)

5.86 (5.24)

5.73 (5.14)

F (3, 6050) = 8.80, p < .001

a, b < c, d

0.004

Mean (SD) PHQ-9

5.37 (6.21)

5.78 (6.09)

6.50 (5.65)

6.68 (5.84)

F (3, 6050) = 17.01, p < .001

a, b < c, d

0.008

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BMC Psychiatry

ISSN: 1471-244X

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