Table 2 Sample characteristics (n = 22)

Sociodemographic characteristics

  Sex

female

3

13.6

male

19

86.4

  Age

  Nationality

Switzerland

17

77.3

Other

5

22.7

  Living situation

rented apartment

12

54.5

care home

8

36.4

assisted living

2

9.1

  Source of income

social welfare

12

54.5

invalidity insurance^a

10

45.5

employment

-

-

  Relationship status

single

11

50.0

in a relationship

10

45.5

divorced

1

4.5

Treatment variables

  Length of treatment in the centre

 < 1 year

-

-

1–5 years

9

40.9

6–10 years

5

22.7

11–15 years

4

18.2

16–20 years

2

9.1

 > 20 years

2

9.1

  Psychiatric medication at the time of study conduction

diacetylmorphine

21

95.5

morphine-sulfate

19

86.4

methadone

2

9.1

levomethadone

1

4.5

benzodiazepines

13

59.1

stimulants

4

18.2

  Route of DAM administration

intravenous

10

45.5

oral

6

27.3

oral and intravenous

5

22.7

not applicable^b

1

4.5

Psychiatric disorders (lifetime prevalence as documented in the patient file)

Opioid Use Disorder

22

100

Cocaine Use Disorder

21

95.5

Alcohol Use Disorder

8

36.4

Sedative, Hypnotic and Anxiolytic Use Disorder

7

31.8

Personality Disorders

5

22.7

Cannabis Use Disorder

4

18.2

ADHD

4

18.2

Major Depression

4

18.2

Schizophrenia

3

13.6

Anxiety Disorders

2

9.1

Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder

1

4.5

Bipolar Disorder

1

4.5