Table 4 Economic indicators associated with current substance use^a

Electricity

No

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Yes

2.04

2.44

3.03

1.88

1.35

(1.66–2.54)***

(2.15–2.76)***

(2.37–3.91)***

(1.33–2.72)***

(1.05–1.75)*

Radio

No

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Yes

1.34

1.47

0.98

1.30

0.98

(1.04–1.75)*

(1.26–1.71)***

(0.77–1.26)

(0.86–2.06)

(0.73–1.35)

Television

No

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Yes

1.75

2.07

2.14

1.43

1.10

(1.43–2.14)***

(1.85–2.34)***

(1.73–2.68)***

(1.04–2.00)*

(0.87–1.41)

Refrigerator

No

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Yes

1.89

2.13

2.63

1.39

1.37

(1.57–2.28)***

(1.91–2.39)***

(2.17–3.18)***

(0.99–1.92)

(1.06–1.77)*

Cell phone

No

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Yes

1.33

1.78

1.80

1.53

0.91

(1.07–1.66)*

(1.55–2.04)***

(1.40–2.34)***

(1.04–2.31)*

(0.70–1.20)

Bicycle

No

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Yes

1.52

1.29

1.22

1.23

1.25

(1.27–1.82)***

(1.16–1.44)***

(1.01–1.47)*

(0.90–1.66)

(0.99–1.58)

Motorcycle

No

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Yes

1.33

1.05

0.93

1.28

1.40

(1.08–1.63)**

(0.92–1.20)

(0.73–1.17)

(0.89–1.81)

(1.06–1.82)*

Motor vehicle

No

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Yes

1.66

1.79

1.93

1.15

1.16

(1.35–2.02)***

(1.59–2.02)***

(1.57–2.37)***

(0.78–1.64)

(0.87–1.54)

Source of water

Piped water

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Public water

0.87

0.55

0.70

0.70

0.93

(0.66–1.13)

(0.46–0.65)***

(0.53–0.92)*

(0.42–1.13)

(0.65–1.30)

Well water

0.67

0.62

0.51

0.84

0.71

(0.53–0.84)***

(0.54–0.70)***

(0.40–0.64)***

(0.58–1.20)

(0.53–0.96)*

Surface water

0.54

0.41

0.32

0.55

0.50

(0.42–0.69)***

(0.35–0.48)***

(0.24–0.42)***

(0.35–0.84)**

(0.35–0.70)***

Other source

0.60

0.44

0.31

0.26

0.62

(0.25–1.19)

(0.27–0.69)***

(0.09–0.74)*

(0.01–1.20)

(0.19–1.50)

Earth floor

No

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Yes

0.63

0.51

0.36

0.70

0.65

(0.49–0.80)***

(0.44–0.59)***

(0.26–0.48)***

(0.46–1.03)

(0.46–0.88)**

Cement floor

No

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Yes

0.92

1.03

0.99

1.00

1.11

(0.77–1.10)

(0.93–1.14)

(0.82–1.20)

(0.73–1.35)

(0.88–1.42)

Tile floor

No

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Yes

1.63

1.80

2.09

1.31

1.13

(1.33–1.99)***

(1.60–2.04)***

(1.71–2.56)***

(0.91–1.86)

(0.84–1.50)

Wood floor

No

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Yes

1.41

0.76

0.93

1.62

1.55

(0.76–2.40)

(0.48–1.14)

(0.42–1.78)

(0.57–3.61)

(0.69–2.98)

Other floor material

No

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Yes

0.61

0.72

0.68

0.00

0.00

(0.03–2.87)

(0.21–1.84)

(0.04–3.20)

(0.00–10,309)

(0.00–3.12)

Toilet

No toilet

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Pit latrine

0.47

0.99

0.51

0.33

0.55

(0.27–0.88)*

(0.65–1.59)

(0.28–1.05)*

(0.16–0.86)*

(0.27–1.31)

Flush toilet

0.89

1.78

1.27

0.69

0.81

(0.51–1.68)

(1.15–2.88)*

(0.69–2.61)

(0.32–1.81)

(0.40–1.96)

Other toilet facility

0.81

0.83

0.68

0.31

0.35

(0.38–1.76)

(0.46–1.50)

(0.28–1.67)

(0.06–1.18)

(0.09–1.18)

Cooking method

Firewood

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Charcoal

1.43

1.16

1.89

1.37

1.14

(1.07–1.87)*

(0.98–1.38)

(1.37–2.58)***

(0.82–2.21)

(0.78–1.62)

Kerosene stove

1.95

1.38

2.22

2.17

1.35

(1.24–2.95)**

(1.02–1.83)*

(1.29–3.59)**

(1.00–4.18)*

(0.70–2.36)

Gas stove

2.13

2.42

3.84

2.06

1.26

(1.74–2.61)***

(2.14–2.72)***

(3.07–4.83)***

(1.45–2.95)***

(0.95–1.67)

Electric stove

1.92

2.42

5.65

4.76

2.88

(1.13–3.09)*

(1.80–3.21)***

(3.67–8.46)***

(2.53–8.38)***

(1.67–4.67)***

Other

1.70

2.02

4.47

0.74

1.78

(0.71–3.44)

(1.27–3.11)**

(2.21–8.19)***

(0.04–3.41)

(0.62–4.02)