Table 5 Multivariable analysis findings for different types of outpatient healthcare expenditure
Total Cost per Year | Primary Care Cost | Specialist Outpatient Care Cost | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Without MHC | With MHC | Without MHC | With MHC | ||||||
b | SE | b | SE | b | SE | b | SE | ||
Age group (ref: 18–34) | 35–49 | -0.185 | 0.105 | -0.247 | 0.197 | -0.0333 | 0.123 | -0.150 | 0.232 |
50–64 | 0.456*** | 0.114 | -0.076 | 0.243 | 0.604*** | 0.128 | -0.156 | 0.281 | |
65 + | 0.585*** | 0.142 | 0.147 | 0.366 | 0.838*** | 0.157 | 0.157 | 0.406 | |
Sex (ref: Male) | Female | 0.0596 | 0.074 | 0.131 | 0.157 | 0.123 | 0.0871 | 0.237 | 0.187 |
Race (ref: Chinese) | Malay | 0.253* | 0.100 | 0.407 | 0.208 | -0.0453 | 0.115 | -0.233 | 0.246 |
Indian | 0.224* | 0.098 | 0.170 | 0.202 | 0.177 | 0.114 | 0.174 | 0.234 | |
Others | -0.519*** | 0.146 | -0.636* | 0.286 | -0.208 | 0.169 | 0.167 | 0.333 | |
Education (ref: Primary) | Secondary/ Junior College / ITE | -0.129 | 0.110 | -0.337 | 0.256 | 0.0498 | 0.127 | 0.0143 | 0.293 |
Diploma/ Degree | -0.463*** | 0.121 | -0.625* | 0.276 | -0.141 | 0.137 | -0.076 | 0.324 | |
No. of CMC | 0.392*** | 0.030 | 0.416*** | 0.067 | 0.280*** | 0.031 | 0.378*** | 0.069 | |
Constant | 3.427*** | 0.149 | 3.768*** | 0.307 | 4.226*** | 0.170 | 4.403*** | 0.375 | |
Observations | 2566 | 511 | 2566 | 511 | |||||