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Table 1 Descriptive sample characteristics for Study 1

From: Self-directed passive-aggressive behaviour as an essential component of depression: findings from two cross-sectional observational studies

 

Depression group

Depression only group (subgroup)

Control group

n

140

50

80

% female

67.9

64.0

65.0

Age M (SD, years)

40.01 (12.70)

41.50 (12.92)

36.16 (13.15)

Age range

18–65

22–65

18–76

BDI-II M (SD)

26.97 (10.35)

27.12 (9.96)

18.36 (8.90)

BSI M (SD)

1.42 (0.64)

1.33 (0.58)

1.02 (0.58)

TPA-SD M (SD)

2.93 (0.84)

2.95 (0.82)

2.53 (0.72)

One comorbidity (%)

37.9

-

21.3

Two comorbidities (%)

21.4

-

5.0

Three comorbidities (%)

2.9

-

1.3

Four comorbidities (%)

1.4

-

0

Five comorbidities (%)

0.7

-

0

Anxiety disorders (%)

42.9

-

53.8

Obsessive compulsive disorder (%)

7.1

-

13.8

PTSD (%)

6.4

-

5.0

Somatoform disorder (%)

12.9

-

6.3

Adjustment disorder (%)

0.7

-

25.0

Others (%)

10.7

-

10.0

  1. M Mean, SD Standard deviation. Beck Depression Inventory II; BSI Brief Symptom Inventory, TPA-SD Test of Passive Aggression – self-directed, PTSD Posttraumatic stress disorder
  2. The ‘depression only group’ comprises those patients of the ‘depression group’ that are solely diagnosed with a depressive disorder