Table 1 Sociodemographic characteristics of the study sample (N = 2741)
Variable | Category | Overall n (%) | Smartphone addiction n (%) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No | Yes | ||||
Gender | Male | 955 (34.8) | 472 (49.4) | 483 (50.6) | 0.089 |
Female | 1786 (65.2) | 822 (46.0) | 964 (54.0) | ||
Age | ≤ 20 | 1647(60) | 788 (47.8) | 859 (52.2) | 0.413 |
≥ 21 | 1094(40) | 506 (46.3) | 588(53.7) | ||
School year | 1st year | 487(17.8) | 260 (53.4) | 227 (46.6) | 0.022 |
2nd year | 786(28.7) | 368 (46.8) | 418 (53.2) | ||
3rd year | 646(23.6) | 297 (46) | 349 (54) | ||
4th year | 822(30) | 369 (44.9) | 453 (55.1) | ||
Place of residence | Rural | 1759(64.2) | 816 (46.4) | 943 (53.6) | 0.404 |
Town | 574(20.9) | 274 (47.7) | 300 (52.3) | ||
City | 408(14.9) | 204 (50.0) | 204 (50.1) | ||
Want to get a scholarship | Yes | 2516(91.8) | 1192 (47.4) | 1324 (52.6) | 0.556 |
No | 225(8.2) | 102 (45.3) | 123 (54.7) | ||
Student leader | Yes | 809(29.5) | 395 (48.8) | 414 (51.2) | 0.273 |
No | 1932(70.5) | 899 (46.5) | 1033 (53.5) | ||
Only child | Yes | 916(33.4) | 462 (50.4) | 454 (49.6) | 0.016 |
No | 1825(66.6) | 832 (45.6) | 993 (54.4) | ||
In love | Yes | 682(24.9) | 325 (47.7) | 357 (52.3) | 0.788 |
No | 2059(75.1) | 969 (47.1) | 1090 (52.9) | ||
School satisfaction | No | 186 (6.8) | 65 (34.9) | 121(65.1) | 0.000 |
General | 1263(46.1) | 546(43.2) | 717 (56.8) | ||
Yes | 1292(47.1) | 683(52.9) | 609(47.1) | ||
Do you like to study the medical specialty | No | 139(5.1) | 47(33.8) | 92(66.2) | 0.000 |
General | 1081 (39.4) | 448(41.4) | 633(58.6) | ||
Yes | 1521 (55.5) | 799(52.5) | 722(47.5) | ||
Smoking | Yes | 99 (3.6) | 34(34.3) | 65(65.7) | 0.009 |
No | 2642 (96.4) | 1260(47.7) | 1382(52.3) | ||
Alcohol consumption | Yes | 232 (8.5) | 79(34.1) | 153(65.9) | 0.000 |
No | 2509 (91.5) | 1215(48.4) | 1294(51.6) | ||
Bring your phone to bed | Yes | 1910 (69.7) | 811(42.5) | 1099(57.5) | 0.000 |
No | 831 (30.3) | 483(58.1) | 348(41.9) | ||
Hours of daily smartphone usage | ≤ 1 h | 73 (2.6) | 35 (47.9) | 38 (52.1) | 0.000 |
2 h | 153 (5.6) | 101(66.0) | 52(34.0) | ||
3 h | 463 (16.9) | 264 (57.0) | 199 (43.0) | ||
4 h | 555 (20.2) | 294 (53.0) | 261 (47.0) | ||
5 h | 568 (20.7) | 280 (49.3) | 288 (50.7) | ||
≥ 6 h | 929 (33.9) | 320(34.40 | 609(65.6) | ||
Self-perceived smartphone addiction | Yes | 753 (27.5) | 161(21.4) | 592(78.6) | 0.000 |
No | 1433 (52.3) | 912(63.6) | 521(36.4) | ||
Not sure | 555 (20.2) | 221(39.8) | 334(60.2) | ||