Table 3 Results of the Generalized Estimating Equation Model of HRV and Cohen’s d Effect Sizes
|  | Mean ± SD | Mean Difference (95% CI) | Cohen’s d Effect Size (95% CI)b | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
BA with usual care group | Usual care only group | Unadjusted | Adjusteda | ||
SDNN (ms) | |||||
Baseline | 23.10 ± 12.66 | 24.07 ± 11.28 | -0.98 (-6.89, 4.94) | -0.48 (-6.69, 5.73) |  |
3 months | 29.85 ± 17.76 | 22.58 ± 9.27 | 7.26 (1.34, 13.18)* | 7.75 (1.54, 13.96)* | -0.54 (-0.96, -0.09) |
6 months | 31.85 ± 18.89 | 22.09 ± 11.96 | 9.76 (3.84, 15.68)* | 10.25 (4.04, 16.46)* | -0.62 (-1.06, -0.17) |
9 months | 31.83 ± 15.16 | 24.25 ± 12.16 | 7.59 (1.67, 13.50)* | 8.08 (1.87, 14.29)* | -0.55 (-0.99, -0.11) |
lnHF (ms2) | |||||
Baseline | 4.81 ± 0.89 | 4.85 ± 0.96 | -0.04 (-0.44, 0.37) | 0.10 (-0.32, 0.52) |  |
3 months | 5.08 ± 1.06 | 5.02 ± 0.83 | 0.05 (-0.36, 0.45) | 0.18 (-0.23, 0.60) | -0.05 (-0.48, 0.38) |
6 months | 5.26 ± 0.95 | 4.77 ± 0.92 | 0.49 (0.08, 0.90)* | 0.63 (0.21, 1.05)* | -0.53 (-0.96, -0.08) |
9 months | 5.32 ± 1.08 | 4.88 ± 0.92 | 0.44 (0.04, 0.85)* | 0.58 (0.16, 1.00)* | -0.44 (-0.88, -0.00) |
LF (ms2) | |||||
Baseline | 5.04 ± 1.09 | 5.06 ± 0.99 | -0.01 (-0.46, 0.43) | 0.13 (-0.33, 0.59) |  |
3 months | 5.19 ± 1.10 | 5.11 ± 0.89 | 0.08 (-0.37, 0.52) | 0.22 (-0.24, 0.68) | -0.08 (-0.51, 0.36) |
6 months | 5.52 ± 1.12 | 4.86 ± 0.96 | 0.65 (0.20, 1.09)* | 0.79 (0.33, 1.25)* | -0.62 (-1.06, -0.17) |
9 months | 5.67 ± 1.13 | 5.13 ± 1.04 | 0.53 (0.09, 0.98)* | 0.67 (0.21, 1.13)* | -0.49 (-0.93, -0.05) |
LF/HF (ms2) | |||||
Baseline | 1.05 ± 0.18 | 1.06 ± 0.18 | 0.01c (-0.04, 0.06) | -0.00C (-0.04, 0.05) |  |
3 months | 1.03 ± 0.15 | 1.03 ± 0.17 | 0.01c (-0.04, 0.06) | -0.00C (-0.04, 0.05) | 0.03 (-0.40, 0.46) |
6 months | 1.05 ± 0.16 | 1.03 ± 0.18 | 0.01c (-0.04, 0.06) | -0.00C (-0.04, 0.05) | -0.06 (-0.49, 0.38) |
9 months | 1.09 ± 0.14 | 1.06 ± 0.17 | 0.01c (-0.04, 0.06) | -0.00C (-0.04, 0.05) | -0.19 (-0.62, 0.25 |