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Table 1 Patient characteristics

From: Association between smoking and postoperative delirium in surgical patients with pulmonary hypertension: a secondary analysis of a cohort study

Variables

Never Smoker

(n = 271)

Smoker

(n = 268)

P-value

Age, years [mean (SD)]

58.88 (15.07)

61.96 (12.69)

0.059

Male gender

140 (51.66%)

151 (56.34%)

0.275

BMI, kg/m2 [mean (SD)]

32.05 (13.43)

31.46 (10.51)

0.469

Poor functional status (< 4 MET)

133 (49.08%)

137 (51.12%)

0.635

ASA classification

Β Β 

0.009

Β Β Β Β II

28 (10.33%)

15 (5.60%)

Β 

Β Β Β Β III

192 (70.85%)

177 (66.04%)

Β 

Β Β Β Β IV

51 (18.82%)

76 (28.36%)

Β 

PHTN severity classification

Β Β 

0.479

Β Β Β Β Mild

118 (46.09%)

108 (41.38%)

Β 

Β Β Β Β Moderate

113 (44.14%)

129 (49.43%)

Β 

Β Β Β Β Severe

25 (9.77%)

24 (9.20%)

Β 

Surgical characteristics

Β Β Β Β Length of surgery [median (IQR)]

77.00 (34.00–141.00)

94.00 (36.75–159.25)

0.168

Β Β Β Β Open surgical approach

153 (56.46%)

131 (48.88%)

0.078

Β Β Β Β Intraabdominal surgery

52 (19.19%)

60 (22.39%)

0.360

Β Β Β Β Intrathoracic surgery

14 (5.17%)

13 (4.85%)

0.867

Β Β Β Β Vascular surgery

6 (2.21%)

13 (4.85%)

0.097

Comorbidities

Β Β Β Β Systemic hypertension

172 (63.47%)

187 (69.78%)

0.121

Β Β Β Β Coronary artery disease

88 (32.84%)

93 (34.83%)

0.626

Β Β Β Β Arrhythmia

136 (50.18%)

105 (39.18%)

0.010

Β Β Β Β Angina

16 (5.90%)

23 (8.58%)

0.230

Β Β Β Β Asthma

44 (16.24%)

31 (11.61%)

0.121

Β Β Β Β COPD

10 (3.70%)

61 (22.85%)

 < 0.001

Β Β Β Β Diabetes

77 (28.41%)

78 (29.21%)

0.838

Β Β Β Β Renal failure

75 (27.68%)

60 (22.39%)

0.157

Medications

Β Β Β Β Anticoagulant

82 (30.26%)

65 (24.25%)

0.118

Β Β Β Β Antiplatelet

9 (3.32%)

9 (3.36%)

0.981

Β Β Β Β Statin

110 (40.59%)

132 (49.25%)

0.043

Β Β Β Β Steroids

39 (14.39%)

61 (22.76%)

0.012

Β Β Β Β Atropine

2 (0.74%)

3 (1.13%)

0.683

Β Β Β Β Inhalational agents

137 (50.93%)

168 (63.40%)

0.004

Β Β Β Β Isoflurane

6 (2.21%)

12 (4.48%)

0.144

Β Β Β Β Sevoflurane

111 (40.96%)

136 (50.75%)

0.023

Β Β Β Β Delirium

5 (1.85%)

11 (4.10%)

0.122

Β Β Β Β Mortality

3 (1.11%)

4 (1.49%)

0.724

  1. BMI Body mass index, MET Metabolic equivalent of task, ASA American Society of Anesthesiologists, PHTN Pulmonary hypertension, IQR Interquartile range, COPD Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease