Table 2 Select Demographic Characteristics

Demographics

 Gender

  Female

221,217

44.8%

203,330

44.3%

17,887

50.7%

<0.001

  Male

272,369

55.2%

255,007

55.6%

17,362

49.3%

  Unknown

210

0.0%

210

0.0%

0

0.0%

 Age

  18-30

66,513

13.5%

64,553

14.0%

1,960

5.6%

<0.001

  31-49

158,898

32.3%

153,186

33.4%

5,712

16.2%

  50-64

176,889

35.8%

164,453

35.9%

12,436

35.3%

  Over 65

91,496

18.5%

76,355

16.7%

15,141

43.0%

 Insurance

  Commercial

66,630

13.5%

64,850

14.1%

1,780

5.0%

<0.001

  Medicaid

336,542

68.2%

308,080

67.2%

28,462

80.7%

  Medicare

89,676

18.2%

84,766

18.5%

5,001

14.2%

  VA/Other

857

0.2%

851

0.2%

6

0.0%

Social Determinants

 Income (median household income)

(60.43)

(15.79)

(60.37)

(15.77)

(61.24)

(15.98)

<0.001

 Education

  % graduated high school

(87.0)

(5.3)

(87.1)

(5.3)

(86.5)

(5.4)

<0.001

 Race

  African American/Black (%)

(16.0)

(14.1)

(16)

(14.1)

(16.6)

(13.6)

<0.001

  White (%)

(59.1)

(22.2)

(59.3)

(22.2)

(56.6)

(22.2)

<0.001

  Asian (%)

(5.7)

(6.1)

(5.7)

(6)

(6.2)

(6.4)

<0.001

 Ethnicity

  Hispanic (%)

(16.4)

(15.9)

(16.3)

(15.9)

(18.1)

(16.6)

<0.001

 Population Density (000s per sq mile)

(3664)

(9914)

(3637)

(9993)

(3550)

(8831)

<0.05

 Charlson Comorbidity Index

(1.3)

(1.9)

(1.2)

(1.8)

(2.5)

(2.4)

<0.001

 Behavioral, Psychiatric Comorbidities

  Anxiety disorder

155,636

31.5%

140,723

30.7%

14,913

42.3%

<0.001

  Depressive disorders: MDD, dysthymia

146,549

29.7%

130,338

28.4%

16,256

46.1%

<0.001

  Bipolar depression

121,164

24.5%

110,097

24.0%

11,067

31.4%

<0.001

  Sleep-wake disorder

82,560

16.7%

73,975

16.1%

8,585

24.4%

<0.001

  Alcohol Use disorder

59,207

12.0%

55,273

12.1%

3,934

11.2%

<0.001

  Post-traumatic stress disorder

45,473

9.2%

43,023

9.4%

2,450

7.0%

<0.001

  Adjustment disorders

16,879

3.4%

14,948

3.3%

1,931

5.5%

<0.001

  Obsessive compulsive disorders

10,817

2.2%

10,012

2.2%

805

2.3%

NS

 Baseline Treatment History

  Psychiatric visit (yes)

41,060

8.3%

39,733

8.7%

1,327

3.8%

<0.001

  Psychotherapy visit (yes)

30,290

6.1%

29,237

6.4%

1,053

3.0%

<0.001

  LAI use (yes)

32,338

6.5%

31,224

6.8%

1,114

3.2%

<0.01

  Oral antipsychotic use (yes)

122,361

24.8%

117,013

25.5%

5,384

15.2%

<0.001

  CMHC visit (yes)

43,741

8.9%

42,410

9.2%

1,331

3.8%

<0.001

  Partial-day hospitalization visit (yes)

2,176

0.4%

2,052

0.5%

124

0.4%

<0.01

  Hospitalization for schizophrenia (yes)

17,255

3.5%

15,982

3.5%

1,273

3.6%

NS

  ED visit for schizophrenia (yes)

9,196

1.9%

8,485

1.9%

711

2.0%

<0.05