Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the developmental and validation cohorts
Characteristics | Developmental cohort ( N = 1,931) | Validation cohort ( N = 2,049) | P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Value | Missing | Value | Missing | ||
Age (SD) | 71.0 (6.9) | - | 71.3 (6.7) | - | 0.26 |
Sex | |||||
M | 269 (14%) | - | 241 (12%) | - | 0.041 |
F | 1,662 (86%) | 1808 (88.0%) | |||
BMI (SD) | 26.8 (3.7) | 46 | 27.1 (3.6) | - | 0.025 |
Type of surgery | |||||
UKA | 90 (4.7%) | - | 12 (0.6%) | - | < 0.001 |
TKA | 1,663 (86.1%) | 1,907 (93.1%) | |||
Revision knee arthroplasty | 178 (9.2%) | 130 (6.3%) | |||
Operation numbers | |||||
1 | 1,261 (65.3%) | - | 1,404 (68.5%) | - | 0.03 |
2 | 670 (34.7%) | 645 (31.5%) | |||
Type of anesthesia | |||||
General | 149 (7.7%) | 47 (2.4%) | 18 (0.9%) | 10 (0.5%) | < 0.001 |
Spinal or Epidural | 1,735 (89.8%) | 2021 (98.6%) | |||
Fall-down risk | |||||
High | 262 (13.6%) | 433 (22.4%) | 197 (9.6%) | - | < 0.001 |
Low | 1236 (64.0%) | 1,852 (90.4%) | |||
Number of anticholinergic cognitive drugs (SD) | 0.11 (0.37) | - | 0.09 (0.34) | - | 0.15 |
Number of hypnotics and sedatives drugs (SD) | 0.16 (0.46) | - | 0.18 (0.51) | - | 0.16 |
Total number of drugs (SD) | 5.7 (4.2) | - | 5.2 (4.3) | - | 0.001 |
Visual impairment | |||||
Y | 34 (1.8%) | 16 (0.8%) | 150 (7.3%) | 9 (0.4%) | < 0.001 |
N | 1,881 (97.4%) | 1,890 (92.2%) | |||
Hearing impairment | |||||
Y | 88 (4.6%) | 16 (0.8%) | 160 (7.8%) | - | < 0.001 |
N | 1,827 (94.6%) | 1,889 (92.2%) | |||
Neurologic disorders (dementia, Parkinson’s disease, epilepsy, headache disorder) | |||||
Y | 526 (27.2%) | - | 432 (21.1%) | - | < 0.001 |
N | 1,405 (72.8%) | 1,617 (78.9%) | |||
Depression | |||||
Y | 120 (6.2%) | - | 104 (5.1%) | - | 0.12 |
N | 1,811 (93.8%) | 1,945 (94.9%) | |||