Table 2 Changes in lifestyle and health behaviours, mental health and well-being outcomes from baseline (pre-course) to follow-up (post-course) in course participants and the matched comparison group, and the impact of course participation on outcomes at follow-up

Lifestyle and Health Behaviors

Mean

(SD)

Mean

(SD)

p*

d**

Mean

(SD)

Mean

(SD)

p*

d**

***beta

(SE)

p-value

Sleep Quality (0–32)

17.6

(6.5)

18.4

(6.1)

0.25

0.17

20.3

(6.5)

18.9

(7.3)

0.01

0.27

1.56

(0.91)

0.09

Binge Drinking (0–4)

0.42

(0.69)

0.31

(0.56)

0.10

0.25

1.11

(1.02)

1.01

(1.13)

0.20

0.14

−0.14

(0.12)

0.24

Alcohol Use (0–5)

1.67

(1.49)

1.22

(2.78)

<.001

0.26

2.02

(1.36)

1.87

(1.24)

0.18

0.14

−0.41

(0.16)

0.01

Cannabis Use (0–5)

0.42

(0.87)

0.42

(1.01)

0.99

0.00

0.80

(1.29)

1.11

(1.49)

0.003

0.32

−0.35

(0.16)

0.03

 Depressive Symptoms (0–27)

8.3

(6.5)

8.8

(6.3)

0.52

0.10

6.6

(5.7)

8.8

(6.4)

<.001

0.51

−1.29

(0.63)

0.12

 Anxiety Symptoms (0–21)

8.2

(5.3)

9.3

(5.9)

0.11

0.23

8.8

(6.4)

9.3

(5.5)

<.001

0.10

−0.90

(0.80)

0.26

 Mental Well-being (0–28)

16.0

(5.2)

15.2

(5.6)

0.24

0.18

15.9

(5.3)

15.3

(5.0)

0.24

0.15

−0.22

(0.73)

0.76

 Mental Health Knowledge (0–15)

10.0

(1.5)

11.6

(1.6)

<.001

0.97

 Emotional Self-Awareness (0–44)

21.9

(4.4)

22.6

(5.4)

0.02

0.16

 Perceived Stigma (0–27)

7.4

(6.3)

7.4

(7.2)

0.93

0.00