Table 2 Patient characteristics for overall, non-matched and matched groups

Age (year)

44.5 ± 17.5

50.5 ± 16.1

44.4 ± 17.5

< 0.01*

50.5 ± 16.1

50.5 ± 16.0

0.96

Female

6696 (47.0)

104 (56.5)

6592 (46.9)

0.01*

104 (56.5)

318 (56.9)

0.99

 Depression

118 (64.1)

118 (64.1)

–

–

118 (64.1)

–

–

 Schizophrenia

51 (27.7)

51 (27.7)

–

–

51 (27.7)

–

–

 Bipolar disorder

15 (8.2)

15 (8.2)

–

–

15 (8.2)

–

–

 Cardiovascular disease

1040 (7.3)

39 (21.2)

1001 (7.1)

< 0.01*

39 (21.2)

52 (9.3)

< 0.01*

 Cerebrovascular disease

1246 (8.7)

42 (22.8)

1204 (8.6)

< 0.01*

42 (22.8)

62 (11.1)

< 0.01*

 Pulmonary disease

2118 (14.9)

62 (33.7)

2056 (14.6)

< 0.01*

62 (33.7)

94 (16.8)

< 0.01*

 Liver disease

2766 (19.4)

80 (43.5)

2686 (19.1)

< 0.01*

80 (43.9)

130 (23.3)

< 0.01*

 Diabetes mellitus

1700 (11.9)

60 (32.6)

1640 (11.7)

< 0.01*

60 (32.6)

80 (14.3)

< 0.01*

 Renal disease

1070 (7.5)

31 (16.9)

1039 (7.4)

< 0.01*

31 (16.9)

47 (8.4)

< 0.01*

 Malignancy

1195 (8.4)

24 (13.0)

1171 (8.3)

0.03*

24 (13.0)

53 (9.5)

0.22

 AIDS^b

13 (0.1)

1 (0.5)

12 (0.1)

0.16

1 (0.5)

0 (0)

0.25

 CCI^c 1–2

10,432 (73.2)

90 (48.9)

10,342 (73.5)

< 0.01*

90 (48.9)

369 (66.0)

< 0.01*

 CCI 3–4

225 7(15.8)

50 (27.2)

2207 (15.7)

< 0.01*

50 (27.2)

111 (19.9)

< 0.01*

 CCI ≧5

1564 (11.0)

44 (23.9)

1520 (10.8)

< 0.01*

44 (23.9)

79 (14.1)

< 0.01*