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Table 1 Characteristics of the clinical sample according to the presence of ADHD and CT

From: Objective assessment of motor activity in a clinical sample of adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and/or cyclothymic temperament

 

ADHD

Not ADHD

P *

CT

Not CT

P *

ADHD + CT

ADHD Not CT

Not ADHD + CT

Not ADHD Not CT

ANOVA **

(n = 39) a

(n = 37) a

 

(n = 41) b

(n = 33) b

 

(n = 22) c

(n = 18) c

(n = 19) c

(n = 15) c

 

Age

38.4 ± 10.6

37.3 ± 11.4

0.675

35.8 ± 10.2

40.8 ± 11.1

0.049

38.2 ± 11.2

39.1 ± 10.2

33.0 ± 8.7

42.8 ± 12.1

F(70,3) = 2.55, p = 0.063

Gender (m/f)

23/16

18/19

0.373

23/19

16/15

0.793

12/10

11/7

10/9

6/9

 

WURS

50.2 ± 20.4

30.8 ± 15.5

< 0.001

43.1 ± 20.2

38.0 ± 21.2

0.301

51.8 ± 19.3

46.4 ± 22.8

33.0 ± 16.6#

28.5 ± 14.8#

F(67,3) = 6.11, p = 0.001

ASRS

47.8 ± 13.4

32.7 ± 13.4

< 0.001

45.2 ± 12.9

35.9 ± 15.8

0.008

50.6 ± 11.5

43.5 ± 14.9

38.5 ± 11.5#

27.2 ± 12.2#

F(66, 3) = 10.55, p < 0.001

HADS

 Depression

4.6 ± 3.8

5.5 ± 4.2

0.369

6.3 ± 4.0

3.8 ± 3.7

0.011

5.6 ± 3.9

3.5 ± 3.3

7.2 ± 4.1

4.2 ± 4.3

F(65,3) = 2.91, p = 0.041

 Anxiety

9.6 ± 4.6

9.0 ± 4.9

0.658

10.6 ± 4.4

8.1 ± 4.8

0.027

10.7 ± 4.6

8.2 ± 4.4

10.4 ± 4.3

7.9 ± 5.4

F(65,3) = 1.68, p = 0.181

 MADRS

14.0 ± 7.7

13.8 ± 8.2

0.929

16.6 ± 8.5

11.0 ± 6.4

0.003

16.7 ± 7.9

10.7 ± 5.7

16.4 ± 9.3

11.4 ± 7.3

F(67,3) = 3.03, p = 0.035

 MDQ

6.4 ± 3.9

6.4 ± 3.8

0.986

8.4 ± 3.4

3.9 ± 2.7

< 0.001

8.8 ± 3.5

3.7 ± 2.3#^

7.9 ± 3.3

4.2 ± 3.1#

F(65,3) = 11.79, p < 0.001

 CT

11.5 ± 4.7

11.3 ± 4.2

0.114

14.4 ± 2.5

7.1 ± 2.6

< 0.001

14.8 ± 2.6

7.1 ± 2.8#^

13.9 ± 2.4

7.0 ± 2.5#^

F(68,3) = 47.50, p < 0.001

  1. All data are given as mean (standard derivation), if not otherwise specified
  2. a Total number of ADHD classified patients = 76. Number of subjects varies between the different measures as only 74 subjects delivered a valid CT scale score; n = 36–38 for ADHD and n = 29–30 for non-ADHD
  3. b Total number of CT rated patients = 74. Number of subjects varies between the different measures; n = 39–40 for CT and n = 31–32 for non-CT
  4. c Total number of CT rated patients = 74. Number of subjects varies between the different measures; n = 20–22 for ADHD + CT, n = 16–17 for ADHD without CT, n = 17–18 for non-ADHD with CT, and n = 14-15 for the non-ADHD non-CT group
  5. * Independent samples t-test with Levene’s test for equality of variance, significance level p < 0.05
  6. ** One-way ANOVA, significance level p < 0.05
  7. Post hoc Bonferroni tests (significance level p < 0.05):
  8. # p < 0.05 ADHD + CT vs ADHD Not CT or Not ADHD + CT or Not ADHD Not CT
  9. ^ p < 0.05 Not ADHD + CT vs ADHD Not CT or Not ADHD Not CT