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Table 2 Multivariable logistic regression analysis for maternal psychological distress and behavioral problems in children

From: Association of maternal psychological distress and the use of childcare facilities with children's behavioral problems: the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study

 

Maternal psychological distress

 

None

Prenatal only

Postnatal only

Both

 

Crude OR (95% CI)

Adjusted OR (95% CI)a

Crude OR (95% CI)

Adjusted OR (95% CI)a

Crude OR (95% CI)

Adjusted OR (95% CI)a

Crude OR (95% CI)

Adjusted OR (95% CI)a

Externalizing problem

Ref

1.60 (1.29–1.97)

1.55 (1.25–1.92)

2.66 (2.14–3.29)

2.60 (2.09–3.24)

3.37 (2.80–4.05)

3.17 (2.63–3.83)

Internalizing problem

Ref

2.15 (1.77–2.61)

2.06 (1.69–2.52)

2.74 (2.21–3.38)

2.68 (2.16–3.34)

3.94 (3.30–4.71)

3.80 (3.17–4.57)

Total problem

Ref

2.57 (1.86–3.54)

2.39 (1.73–3.31)

3.75 (2.68–5.20)

3.50 (2.51–4.90)

5.89 (4.48–7.70)

5.36 (4.05–7.10)

  1. 95% CI 95% confidence interval, OR Odds ratio
  2. aAdjusted for maternal age at delivery, parity, educational attainment, household income, maternal alcohol intake, maternal cigarette smoking, paternal cigarette smoking, child's sex