Variables | N (%) | Biological rhythm disorder (Total) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Low (%) | Middle (%) | High (%) | χ2 / K-W | ||
Gender | |||||
Male | 1782 (48.25) | 555 (31.14) | 797 (44.73) | 430 (24.13) | 37.96** |
Female | 1911 (51.75) | 431 (22.55) | 912 (47.72) | 568 (29.72) | |
Academic stage | |||||
Junior high school | 1020 (27.62) | 426 (41.76) | 396 (38.82) | 198 (19.41) | 182.96** |
Vocational high school | 849 (22.99) | 212 (24.97) | 386 (45.47) | 251 (29.56) | |
Senior high school | 1067 (28.89) | 222 (20.81) | 539 (50.52) | 306 (28.68) | |
University | 757 (20.50) | 16 (16.64) | 388 (51.25) | 243 (32.1) | |
Residential areas | |||||
Rural | 1890 (51.18) | 450 (23.81) | 911 (48.2) | 529 (27.99) | 16.54** |
Urban | 1803 (48.82) | 536 (29.73) | 798 (44.26) | 469 (26.01) | |
Only child status | |||||
No | 3240 (87.73) | 858 (26.48) | 1509 (46.57) | 873 (26.94) | 1.04 |
Yes | 453 (12.27) | 128 (28.26) | 200 (44.15) | 125 (27.59) | |
Father’s education | |||||
Below elementary school | 133 (3.60) | 30 (22.56) | 58 (43.61) | 45 (33.83) | 6.87 |
Elementary school | 509 (13.78) | 125 (24.56) | 238 (46.76) | 146 (28.68) | |
Junior high school | 1678 (45.44) | 435 (25.92) | 795 (47.38) | 448 (26.7) | |
Senior high school or technical school | 855 (23.15) | 241 (28.19) | 391 (45.73) | 223 (26.08) | |
Junior college or above | 518 (14.03) | 155 (29.92) | 227 (43.82) | 136 (26.25) | |
Mother’s education | |||||
Below elementary school | 300 (8.12) | 61 (20.33) | 154 (51.33) | 85 (28.33) | 14.36** |
Elementary school | 658 (17.82) | 155 (23.56) | 306 (46.5) | 197 (29.94) | |
Junior high school | 1495 (40.48) | 394 (26.35) | 699 (46.76) | 402 (26.89) | |
Senior high school or technical school | 793 (21.47) | 238 (30.01) | 354 (44.64) | 201 (25.35) | |
Junior college or above | 447 (12.10) | 138 (30.87) | 196 (43.85) | 113 (25.28) | |
Self-perceived family economy | |||||
Under moderate | 649 (17.57) | 115 (17.72) | 310 (47.77) | 224 (34.51) | 59.92** |
Moderate | 2656 (71.92) | 722 (27.18) | 1236 (46.54) | 698 (26.28) | |
Over moderate | 388 (10.51) | 149 (38.4) | 163 (42.01) | 76 (19.59) | |
Self-perceived study burden | |||||
Low | 183 (4.96) | 70 (38.25) | 65 (35.52) | 48 (26.23) | 70.59** |
Medium | 2205 (59.71) | 649 (29.43) | 1055 (47.85) | 501 (22.72) | |
High | 1305 (35.34) | 267 (20.46) | 589 (45.13) | 449 (34.41) | |
The number of close friends | |||||
0 | 73 (1.98) | 19 (26.03) | 27 (36.99) | 27 (36.99) | 25.68** |
1–2 | 1000 (27.08) | 239 (23.90) | 460 (46.00) | 301 (30.10) | |
3–5 | 1768 (47.87) | 448 (25.34) | 844 (47.74) | 476 (26.92) | |
> 5 | 852 (23.07) | 280 (32.86) | 378 (44.37) | 194 (22.77) |