Variables | Fear of getting COVID-19 | Fear of giving COVID-19 to someone else | Anger | Frustration | Loneliness | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AOR (95% CI) | p value | AOR (95% CI) | p value | AOR (95% CI) | p value | AOR (95% CI) | p value | AOR (95% CI) | p value | |
Age | 1.01 (1.01–1.02) | < 0.001 | 0.98 (0.97–0.99) | 0.004 | 0.97 (0.96–0.98) | < 0.001 | 0.96 (0.95–0.97) | < 0.001 | 0.96 (0.95–0.97) | < 0.001 |
Sex at birth | ||||||||||
Male (ref: Not male) | 1.04 (0.92–1.18) | 0.537 | 1.50 (1.24–1.82) | < 0.001 | 0.78 (0.60–1.01) | 0.055 | 1.11 (0.95–1.28) | 0.190 | 0.98 (0.82–1.18) | 0.850 |
Educational status | ||||||||||
Primary (ref: no formal education) | 1.19 (0.49–2.85) | 0.704 | 1.05 (0.32–3.43) | 0.930 | 0.77 (0.28–2.11) | 0.608 | 0.84 (0.36–1.96) | 0.688 | 0.50 (0.21–1.19) | 0.117 |
Secondary (ref: no formal education) | 0.49 (0.24–1.01) | 0.052 | 0.96 (0.36–2.57) | 0.929 | 0.27 (0.12–0.62) | 0.002 | 0.65 (0.33–1.31) | 0.229 | 0.34 (0.17–0.68) | 0.002 |
College/University (ref: no formal education) | 0.28 (0.14–0.57) | < 0.001 | 0.98 (0.37–2.58) | 0.972 | 0.25 (0.11–0.54) | 0.001 | 0.50 (0.25–0.98) | 0.044 | 0.24 (0.12–0.47) | < 0.001 |
Alcohol consumption | ||||||||||
Yes (ref: no alcohol consumption) | 1.55 (1.34–1.80) | < 0.001 | 1.52 (1.23–1.87) | < 0.001 | 2.11 (1.62–2.76) | < 0.001 | 1.34 (1.3–1.59) | 0.001 | 1.53 (1.26–1.85) | < 0.001 |
Phone | ||||||||||
Yes (ref: No phone use) | 2.07 (1.80–2.39) | < 0.001 | 2.17 (1.72–2.74) | < 0.001 | 0.98 (0.74–1.31) | 0.906 | 1.32 (1.11–1.56) | 0.002 | 1.04 (0.85–1.27) | 0.736 |
Video conferencing | ||||||||||
Yes (ref: No video conferencing) | 1.01 (0.87–1.17) | 0.904 | 1.17 (0.93–1.46) | 0.176 | 1.06 (0.78–1.43) | 0.720 | 1.16 (0.97–1.38) | 0.100 | 1.41 (1.15–1.74) | 0.001 |
Meditation or mindfulness practices | ||||||||||
Yes (ref: No) | 0.99 (0.84–1.18) | 0.963 | 0.97 (0.76–1.23) | 0.777 | 1.47 (1.08–2.01) | 0.016 | 0.93 (0.77–1.12) | 0.423 | 1.18 (0.95–1.47) | 0.138 |
Indoor exercises | ||||||||||
Yes (ref: No) | 1.06 (0.92–1.24) | 0.423 | 0.83 (0.66–1.03) | 0.096 | 0.94 (0.69–1.51) | 0.661 | 1.23 (1.04–1.46) | 0.017 | 0.89 (0.73–1.10) | 0.293 |
Outdoor exercises | ||||||||||
Yes (ref: No) | 0.69 (0.56–0.85) | 0.001 | 1.15 (0.86–1.54) | 0.341 | 1.02 (0.69–1.51) | 0.917 | 1.08 (0.86–1.36) | 0.524 | 1.32 (1.01–1.71) | 0.041 |
Creative activities | ||||||||||
Yes (ref: No) | 0.93 (0.79–1.09) | 0.353 | 0.89 (0.71–1.13) | 0.339 | 1.21 (0.89–1.64) | 0.235 | 1.15 (0.96–1.38) | 0.122 | 1.25 (1.01–1.54) | 0.042 |
Learning new skills | ||||||||||
Yes (ref: No) | 0.79 (0.67–0.93) | 0.004 | 0.92 (0.72–1.17) | 0.485 | 0.73 (0.53–1.00) | 0.053 | 1.10 (0.92–1.31) | 0.312 | 0.98 (0.79–1.22) | 0.882 |
Following media coverage related to COVID-19 | ||||||||||
Yes (ref: No) | 1.40 (1.22–1.60) | < 0.001 | 1.38 (1.12–1.69) | 0.003 | 1.65 (1.25–2.17) | < 0.001 | 1.64 (1.40–1.93) | < 0.001 | 1.33 (1.10–1.61) | 0.003 |
Nagelkerke R2 | 0.102 | Â | 0.059 | Â | 0.081 | Â | 0.116 | Â | 0.100 | Â |
Hosmer Lemeshow goodness of fit test | 9.56 | 0.297 | 10.58 | 0.227 | 7.92 | 0.441 | 11.03 | 0.200 | 10.19 | 0.252 |
Omnibus test of model coefficients | 354.11 | < 0.001 | 134.61 | < 0.001 | 137.33 | < 0.001 | 355.51 | < 0.001 | 259.13 | < 0.001 |