Variable | Class 1 Moderate-Severity (n = 278) | Class 2 Severe (n = 519) | P value |
---|---|---|---|
Demographics | |||
Mean age (SD) in years | 30.5 (4.5) | 29.9 (4.8) | 0.24 |
Race/Ethnicitya | 0.56 | ||
Indigenous | 5 (1.8) | 18 (3.5) | |
Asian | 14 (5.0) | 26 (5.0) | |
White | 244 (87.8) | 447 (86.1) | |
Other | 12 (4.3) | 27 (5.2) | |
Time (SD) in years since index episode | 3.9 (6.6) | 5.2 (7.2) | 0.009 |
Clinical and Health Service Use Characteristics | |||
Mean (SD) Edinburgh postnatal depression scale (EPDS) | 18.0 (2.5) | 24.5 (2.1) | < 0.001 |
Mean (SD) EPDS Anxiety Subscaleb | 7 (1.7) | 9 (0.96) | < 0.001 |
EPDS Suicidalityc | 24 (8.6) | 274 (52.8) | < 0.001 |
Self-reported physician diagnosis of psychosis | 20 (7.2) | 89 (17.1) | < 0.001 |
Sought professional help for mental illness | 142 (51.1) | 410 (79.0) | < 0.001 |
Hospitalized for mental illness | 6 (2.2) | 44 (8.5) | < 0.001 |
Received medication for mental illness | 86 (30.9) | 307 (59.2) | < 0.001 |
PPD Characteristics | |||
Onset of depressive symptoms | 0.002 | ||
During first trimester of pregnancy | 46 (16.5) | 73 (14.1) | |
During second trimester of pregnancy | 19 (6.8) | 54 (10.4) | |
During third trimester of pregnancy | 27 (9.7) | 48 (9.2) | |
0–4 weeks after delivery of pregnancy | 115 (41.4) | 265 (51.1) | |
1–3 months after delivery of pregnancy | 71 (25.5) | 79 (15.2) | |
Length of depressive symptoms | < 0.001 | ||
2–4 weeks | 46 (16.5) | 30 (5.8) | |
1–3 months | 74 (26.6) | 63 (12.1) | |
3 or more months | 158 (56.8) | 426 (82.1) | |
Interference of depression symptoms | < 0.001 | ||
Never or rarely | 4 (1.4) | 0 (0) | |
Rarely | 52 (18.7) | 6 (1.2) | |
Sometimes | 151 (54.3) | 148 (28.5) | |
Often | 71 (25.5) | 365 (70.3) |