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Table 1 Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics stratified by post-stroke depression (PHQ-9 ≥ 5)

From: In-hospital predictors of post-stroke depression for targeted initiation of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)

 

Total Cohort (N = 307)

PHQ-9 < 5 (N = 140)

PHQ-9 ≥ 5 (N = 167)

P value *

Demographics

 Age, mean (SD) (yr)

65.5 (15.2)

66.5 (15.4)

64.8 (15.0)

0.25

 Sex (female), n (%)

158 (51.5)

70 (50.0)

88 (52.7)

0.64

Race

  White, n (%)

210 (68.4)

93 (66.4)

117 (70.1)

0.68

  Black, n (%)

84 (27.4)

42 (30.0)

42 (25.2)

 

  Asian, n (%)

4 (1.3)

1 (0.7)

3 (1.8)

 

  Native American, n (%)

2 (0.7)

1 (0.7)

1 (0.6)

 

  Not reported, n (%)

7 (2.3)

3 (2.1)

4 (2.4)

 

 Married, n (%)

131 (42.7)

63 (45.0)

68 (40.7)

0.45

 Lives alone, n (%)

49 (16.0)

17 (12.1)

32 (19.2)

0.10

 Employed, n (%)

120 (39.1)

62 (44.3)

58 (34.7)

0.12

Medical history

 History of stroke, n (%)

63 (20.5)

30 (21.4)

33 (19.8)

0.72

 History of depression, n (%)

85 (27.7)

18 (12.9)

67 (40.1)

 < 0.001

 Prior SSRI use, n (%)

58 (18.9)

13 (9.3)

45 (27.0)

 < 0.001

 Admission SSRI use, n (%)

38 (12.4)

5 (3.6)

33 (19.8)

 < 0.001

Stroke Admission

 NIHSS, mean (SD)a

5.2 (5.7)

4.4 (5.1)

5.8 (6.1)

0.04

 Inpatient PHQ-9 score, mean (SD)b

4.0 (4.7)

2.4 (3.0)

5.5 (5.5)

 < 0.001

Stroke recovery

 Post-stroke SSRI, n (%)

132 (43.0)

50 (35.7)

82 (49.1)

0.02

 Subjective depression, n (%)

63 (20.5)

10 (7.1)

53 (31.7)

 < 0.001

 Outpatient therapy, n (%)

62 (20.2)

26 (18.6)

36 (21.6)

0.52

 1-month post-stroke PHQ-9, mean (SD)

6.7 (6.4)

1.2 (1.3)

11.3 (5.2)

 < 0.001

  1. *P-values are from chi-square (categorical variables) and Wilcoxson Rank Sum test (continuous variables) for differences across groups
  2. aN = 293
  3. bN = 244