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Table 4 Bi-variable and multi-variable regression analysis showing associations between independent variables and depression among high school students in Northwest Ethiopia, 2021 (n = 810)

From: Prevalence and associated factors of depression, anxiety, and stress among high school students in, Northwest Ethiopia, 2021

Variables

Category

Depression

COR and 95% CI

AOR and 95% CI

p-value

Yes

No

Sex

Female

198

229

1.553(1.170–2.059)

1.304(1.006–1.849)

0.046*

Male

137

246

1

1

1

Age

≤19

233

304

1.285(0.953–1.732)

1.149(0.824–1.601)

0.413

≥20

102

171

1

1

1

Grade

9

120

135

1.264(0.844–1.892)

1.123(0.729–1.276)

0.600

10

75

129

0.827(0.539–1.268)

0.763(0.471–1.218)

0.257

11

76

120

0.901(0.586–1.384)

0.822(0.522–1.296)

0.399

12

64

91

1

1

1

Father educational status

unable to read and write

104

111

1.642(1.008–5.202)

2.251(0.961–5.170)

0.061

can read and write but not attending formal education

184

274

1.642(0.522–3.221)

1.694(0.731–3.925)

0.219

learned 1–8 grade

26

49

1.544(0.535–4.456)

1.493(0.576–3.872)

0.409

secondary education

12

19

1.544(0.535–4.456)

1.699(0.508–5.084)

0.343

Diploma and above

9

22

1

1

1

Absenteeism

Yes

48

51

1.390(0.912–2.120)

1.149(0.805–1.967)

0.314

No

287

424

1

1

1

Medical illness

Yes

29

29

1.458(0.854–2.488)

1.277(0.718–2.272)

0.405

No

306

446

1

1

1

Family history of mental illness

Yes

44

47

1.377(0.889–2.152)

1.134(0.709–1.813)

0.601

No

291

428

1

1

1

Social phobia

Yes

146

156

1.580(1.184–2.108)

1.416(1.045–1.919)

0.025*

No

189

319

1

1

1

Chewing khat

Higher risk

31

7

6.955(3.023–9.324)

5.595(2.357–11.132)

0.000***

Moderate risk

13

11

1.856(0.820–4.198)

1.944(0.846–4.469)

0.117

Low risk

291

457

1

1

1

  1. *p-value (0.01–0.05) **p-value (0.01–0.001) and ***p value ≤0.001* degree of freedom =8; Hosmer-Lemeshow test = 0.78