Tryptophan catabolites and depression in the general population: results from the Gutenberg Health Study

BMC Psychiatry

Table 3 Linear regression with the dependent variables severity of depression according to the sum score of PHQ-9 and its subcomponents somatic and cognitive symptoms of depression

	Severity of depression (PHQ-9) R² = 0.054, n = 3764				somatic symptoms of depression R² = 0.059, n = 3762				cognitive symptoms of depression R² = 0.038, n = 3761
	Estimate	95% CI		p	Estimate	95% CI		p	Estimate	95% CI		p
Kynurenine	-0.186	-0.332	-0.0398	0.013	-0.0455	-0.127	-0.036	0.28	-0.141	-0.222	-0.591	0.00072
Kynurenic acid (per log SD)	-0.280	-0.475	-0.08416	.0051	-0.0890	-0.198	0.025	0.11	-0.139	-0.209	-0.0683	0.00011

Adjusted for sex, menopause (postmenopausal), time of blood sampling [h], age (in years), systolic blood pressure [mmHg], diastolic blood pressure [mmHg], heart rate [beats per minute], BMI [kg/m²], smoking (yes), coronary artery disease (yes), HDL [mg/dl], LDL [mg/dl], triglycerides [mg/dl], CRP [mg/L], insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), physical activity score [in 1000 METS], at-risk consumption of alcohol (> 24/12 g/d) (yes)

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