From: The impact of antipsychotic adherence on acute care utilization
Neither Bipolar Disorder Nor Schizophrenia (n = 618) | Bipolar Disorder (n = 795) | Schizophrenia (n = 577) | P-value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | ||
Mean Age (SD) | 53.9 (16.7) | 45.3 (13.7) | 44.5 (15.3) | < 0.001 |
Male | 229 (37.1) | 247 (31.1) | 288 (49.9) | < 0.001 |
Medicaid Coverage | 313 (50.6) | 467 (58.7) | 302 (52.3) | 0.005 |
Medicare Coverage | 234 (37.9) | 184 (23.1) | 174 (30.2) | < 0.001 |
Diabetes | 193 (31.2) | 200 (25.2) | 145 (25.1) | 0.018 |
Congestive Heart Failure | 72 (11.7) | 51 (6.4) | 25 (4.3) | < 0.001 |
Obstructive Sleep Apnea | 56 (9.1) | 50 (6.3) | 21 (3.6) | 0.001 |
Hypertension | 354 (57.3) | 362 (45.5) | 224 (38.8) | < 0.001 |
Myocardial Infarction | 13 (2.1) | 7 (0.9) | 7 (1.2) | 0.135 |
Cerebrovascular Disease | 57 (9.2) | 25 (3.1) | 17 (3.0) | < 0.001 |
COPD | 105 (17.0) | 131 (16.5) | 73 (12.7) | 0.075 |
Depression | 354 (57.3) | 369 (46.4) | 196 (34.0) | < 0.001 |
Cancer | 73 (11.8) | 41 (5.2) | 19 (3.3) | < 0.001 |
Anxiety | 216 (35.0) | 380 (47.8) | 164 (28.4) | < 0.001 |
Dementia | 63 (10.2) | 11 (1.4) | 9 (1.6) | < 0.001 |
Alcohol Abuse | 44 (7.1) | 121 (15.2) | 76 (13.2) | < 0.001 |
Substance Abuse | 192 (31.1) | 303 (38.1) | 225 (39.0) | 0.006 |
Any ED Visit | ||||
0 – 6 Months | 249 (40.3) | 370 (46.5) | 284 (49.2) | 0.006 |
6 -12 Months | 198 (32.0) | 327 (41.1) | 247 (42.8) | < 0.001 |
Prior Year | 313 (50.7) | 504 (63.4) | 372 (64.5) | < 0.001 |
Any Mental Health ED Visit | ||||
0 – 6 Months | 30 (4.8) | 91 (11.4) | 102 (17.7) | < 0.001 |
6 -12 Months | 18 (2.9) | 58 (7.3) | 75 (13.0) | < 0.001 |
Any Inpatient Admission | ||||
0 – 6 Months | 213 (34.5) | 204 (25.7) | 166 (28.9) | 0.001 |
6 -12 Months | 150 (24.3) | 169 (21.3) | 113 (19.6) | 0.134 |
Prior Year | 258 (41.8) | 304 (38.2) | 222 (38.5) | 0.353 |
Any Mental Health Inpatient Admission | ||||
0 – 6 Months | 94 (15.2) | 145 (18.2) | 135 (23.4) | 0.001 |
6 -12 Months | 63 (10.2) | 113 (14.2) | 88 (15.3) | 0.022 |
Adherence 0 – 180 days | 0.816 | |||
PDC < 0.50 | 115 (18.6) | 138 (17.4) | 95 (16.5) | |
PDC 0.50 – 0.79 | 192 (31.1) | 240 (30.2) | 173 (30.0) | |
PDC 0.80 + | 311 (50.3) | 417 (52.4) | 309 (53.6) | |
Adherence/Switch Categories | < 0.001 | |||
No Switch & Adherence < 0.5 | 56 (9.1) | 62 (7.8) | 37 (6.4) | |
No Switch & Adherence 0.5 – 0.79 | 129 (20.9) | 153 (19.2) | 93 (16.1) | |
No Switch &Adherence ≥ 0.8 | 263 (42.6) | 335 (42.1) | 230 (39.9) | |
Switch & Adherence < 0.5 | 4 (0.7) | 18 (2.3) | 12 (2.1) | |
Switch & Adherence 0.5 – 0.79 | 14 (2.3) | 43 (5.4) | 52 (9.0) | |
Switch & Adherence ≥ 0.8 | 28 (4.5) | 64 (8.1) | 66 (11.4) | |
Stop | 124 (20.1) | 120 (15.1) | 87 (15.1) | |
Weight Change | ||||
7% Weight Gain | 96 (15.5) | 137 (17.2) | 128 (22.2) | 0.008 |