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Fig. 1 | BMC Psychiatry

Fig. 1

From: Immunological evaluation of patients with Alzheimer's disease based on mitogen-stimulated cytokine productions and mitochondrial DNA indicators

Fig. 1

Cell proliferation and levels of cytokines IL-1α, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and IFN-γ in mitogen stimulated PBMCs systems and peripheral plasma in 90 AD patients and 90 healthy individuals using MTT colorimetric assay and Double antibody sandwich ELISA. (A) LPS stimulated PBMCs showed a lower viability in the AD group. (B) LPS stimulated PBMCs produced higher IL-1α and lower TNF-α in the AD group. (C) PHA stimulated PBMCs produced higher IL-1α and IFN-γ, lower IL-10 in the AD group. (D) Higher IL-6 and TNF-α were detected in peripheral plasma in the AD group. Data presented as means ± SD. Significantly different from controls were signed with * (P < 0.05)

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