Fig. 3

Forest plot for the total, direct, and indirect effects

CI, confidence interval. 95% CI is presented as bias-corrected and accelerated 5,000 bootstrapping

Note: Adjusted covariates include age, household socioeconomic status, living arrangement, classmate relations, relationships with teachers, smoking, drinking, depressive symptoms, internalizing and externalizing problems at baseline, and sex (overall model only). The 95% CI not including 0 indicates statistical significance, given in bold