Table 3 Treatment effect, selection effect and preference effect on the primary outcomes of the eligible trials

1

Rokke et al. 1999 [10]

A: Behavioral therapy

B: Cognitive therapy

Depression ratings scales (HDRS, BDI, GDS) immediately, 1 m and 3 m post treatment

Data Not Available

-

-

-

-

-

-

2

Hegerl et at. 2010 [11]

A: CBT

B: Medication (sertraline)

Depression ratings scales (HDRS) at 10w ^a

10.84

9.30

9.32

9.48

-0.16

1.45

0.96

-0.02

0.24

0.18

Mergl et al. 2011 [12]

3

He et al. 2018 [13]

A: Parent Management Training-Oregon Model (PMTO)

B: Services as usual (SAU)

Parenting outcome (Parental Locus of Control Scale) post intervention ^a

113.9

119.7

116.8

111.3

-5.47

12.03

1.32

-0.29

0.64

0.07

Parenting outcome(Family Interaction Task) post intervention

2.43

1.99

2.20

2.37

-0.17

0.77

0.28

-0.34

1.55

0.57

Gewirtz et al. 2019 [14]

Youth Outcomes (The Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire) post intervention

Data Not Available

-

-

-

-

-

-

4

Le et al. 2018 [15]

A: Prolonged exposure therapy

B: Medication (sertraline)

Quality of life (EQ-5D) at 10w

0.83

0.78

0.85

0.67

0.18

-0.12

0.06

0.79

-0.50

0.25

Zoellner et al. 2019 [16]

PTSD Symptom Scale–Interview Version [PSS-I] up to 24 m post treatment

Data Not Available

-

-

-

-

-

-

5

Brenes et al. 2020

A: CBT

B: Yoga

Worry scale (PSWQ‐A) (change from baseline)

9.10

8.40

8.80

7.20

1.60

-0.96

1.54

0.21

-0.13

0.21

6

Svensson et al. 2021a [18]

Svensson et al. 2021b [19]

A: Panic Control Treatment

B:Panic focused psychodynamic therapy

Panic Disorder Severity Scale (PDSS) post treatment ^a

8.6

9.7

7.5

10.8

3.30

-2.22

0.23

0.64

-0.43

0.04

Panic Disorder Severity Scale (PDSS) follow-up at 24 m ^a

7.1

5.1

6.2

7.5

1.30

-3.53

1.93

0.24

-0.65

0.35