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Table 1 Personal characteristics of the study population's age groups

From: Depression, anxiety, stress, and PTSD symptoms during the first and second COVID-19 waves: a comparison of elderly, middle-aged, and young people in Iran

Variable

All (n = 601)

N (%)

Age groups

Young

Middle-aged

Elderly

Gender

 Female

429(71.4)

129(72.9)

221(77.8)

79(56.4)

 Male

172(28.6)

48(27.1)

63(22.2)

61(43.6)

Occupation

 Health care workers

79(13.1)

14(7.9)

57(20.1)

8(5.7)

 non-healthcare workers

61(10.1)

4(2.3)

49(17.3)

8(5.7)

 Student/teacher

194(32.3)

135(76.3)

47(16.5)

12(8.6)

 Homemaker

144(24.0)

15(8.5)

88(31.0)

41(29.3)

 Others

123(20.5)

9(5.1)

43(15.1)

71(50.7)

Educational level

 Literacy

23(3.8)

0(0)

1(0.4)

22(15.7)

  < Diploma

46(7.7)

4(2.3)

11(3.9)

31(22.1)

 Diploma

113(18.8)

23(13.0)

50(17.9)

40(28.6)

 University

419(69.7)

150(84.7)

222(78.2)

47(33.6)

Economic status (from the individual perspective)

 Enough

309(51.4)

102(57.6)

156(54.9)

51(36.4)

 Nearly enough

219(36.4)

66(37.3)

99(34.9)

54(38.6)

 Not enough

73(12.1)

9(5.1)

29(10.2)

35(25.0)

Marital status

 Married

390(64.9)

44(24.9)

244(85.9)

102(72.9)

 Single

211(35.1)

133(75.1)

40 (14.1)

38 (27.1)

Underlying disease

 No

449(74.7)

167(94.4)

214(75.4)

68(48.6)

 Yes

152(25.3)

10(5.6)

70(24.6)

72(51.4)

Coexistence

 Alone

33(5.5)

3(1.7)

10(3.5)

20(14.3)

 Living with family (parents/spouse and children)

533 (94.5)

168(96.6)

264(92.9)

101(72.2)

 Living with others (children and friend)

35(5.8)

6(3.4)

10(3.6)

19(13.5)

PTSD symptoms

 High PTSD symptoms

243(40.3)

72(40.2)

112(39.4)

59(42.1)

 Low PTSD symptoms

360(59.7)

106(59.8)

172(60.6)

81(57.9)

DASS

 Depression

368(61)

117(65.4)

163(57.4)

88(62.9)

 Anxiety

375(62.2)

116(64.8)

165(58.1)

94(67.1)

 Stress

374(62)

117(65.4)

175(61.6)

82(58.6)