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Mood disorders

Section edited by Florian Seemüller

This section is dedicated to covering all aspects of a wide range of mood disorders. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, biological psychiatry, depression, psychoneuroendocrinology, bipolar disorders, antidepressants, psychopharmacology, neuroimaging, transcranial/cortical stimulation, electroencephalography and co-morbid conditions associated with mood disorders.


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  1. Perinatal depression is an important contributor to maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Migrant women, particularly those resettling within low- and middle-income settings, are at increased risk of per...

    Authors: Gracia Fellmeth, Emma H. Plugge, Suphak Nosten, May May Oo, Mina Fazel, Prakaykaew Charunwatthana, François Nosten, Raymond Fitzpatrick and Rose McGready

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:229

    Content type: Research article

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  2. Lithium is the gold-standard treatment for bipolar disorder, is highly effective in treating major depressive disorder, and has anti-suicidal properties. However, clinicians are increasingly avoiding lithium l...

    Authors: Jocelyn Fotso Soh, Susana G. Torres-Platas, Serge Beaulieu, Outi Mantere, Robert Platt, Istvan Mucsi, Sybille Saury, Suzane Renaud, Andrea Levinson, Ana C. Andreazza, Benoit H. Mulsant, Daniel Müller, Ayal Schaffer, Annemiek Dols, Pablo Cervantes, Nancy CP Low…

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:227

    Content type: Study protocol

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  3. To investigate the rates of hospitalisation for anaemia and depression in women in the six-year period (3 years before and after birth). To compare hospital admissions for depression in women with and without ...

    Authors: Fenglian Xu, Lynette Roberts, Colin Binns, Elizabeth Sullivan and Caroline S. E. Homer

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:224

    Content type: Research article

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  4. The primary objective of this randomised controlled trial (RCT) is to establish the effectiveness of a novel online quality of life (QoL) intervention tailored for people with late stage (≥ 10 episodes) bipola...

    Authors: Kathryn Fletcher, Fiona Foley, Neil Thomas, Erin Michalak, Lesley Berk, Michael Berk, Steve Bowe, Sue Cotton, Lidia Engel, Sheri L. Johnson, Steven Jones, Michael Kyrios, Sara Lapsley, Cathrine Mihalopoulos, Tania Perich and Greg Murray

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:221

    Content type: Study protocol

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  5. Major depression is a highly prevalent condition. Its pathogenesis is related to a wide variety of biological and psychosocial factors and among these is factors related to lifestyle. Lifestyle-based intervent...

    Authors: B. Olivan-Blázquez, J. Montero-Marin, M. García-Toro, E. Vicens-Pons, M. J. Serrano-Ripoll, A. Castro-Gracia, M. C. Sarasa-Bosque, J. M. Mendive-Arbeloa, Y. López-del-Hoyo and J. Garcia-Campayo

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:205

    Content type: Research article

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  6. A specialist depression service (SDS) offering collaborative pharmacological and cognitive behaviour therapy treatment for persistent depressive disorder showed effectiveness against depression symptoms versus...

    Authors: Louise Thomson, Marcus Barker, Catherine Kaylor-Hughes, Anne Garland, Rajini Ramana, Richard Morriss, Emily Hammond, Gail Hopkins and Sandra Simpson

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:194

    Content type: Research article

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  7. Although psychotherapy is an effective treatment for depression, a large number of patients still do not receive care according to the protocols that are used in clinical trials. Instead, patients often receiv...

    Authors: Sanne J. E. Bruijniks, Gerdien Franx and Marcus J. H. Huibers

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:190

    Content type: Research article

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  8. The longitudinal relationship between BMI and depressive symptoms is not well understood. Therefore, we aimed at investigating the long-term association between body-mass-index (BMI) and depressive symptoms am...

    Authors: André Hajek and Hans-Helmut König

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:182

    Content type: Research article

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  9. Bipolar disorder (BD) is a serious mental illness. Several studies have shown that brain structure and function changes and the development of BD are associated with age and sex differences. Therefore, we hypo...

    Authors: Yanqing Tang, Yinzhu Ma, Xuemei Chen, Xuesheng Fan, Xiaowei Jiang, Yifang Zhou, Fei Wang and Shengnan Wei

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:177

    Content type: Research article

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  10. Depression is a commonly occurring disorder linked to diminished role functioning and quality of life. The development of treatments that overcome barriers to accessing treatment remains an important area of c...

    Authors: M. Deady, D. A. Johnston, N. Glozier, D. Milne, I. Choi, A. Mackinnon, A. Mykletun, R. A. Calvo, A. Gayed, R. Bryant, H. Christensen and S. B. Harvey

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:166

    Content type: Study protocol

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  11. In recent years, whether, when and how to use antidepressants to treat depressive disorder in children and adolescents has been hotly debated. Relevant evidence on this topic has increased rapidly. In this pap...

    Authors: Yuqing Zhang, Xinyu Zhou, Juncai Pu, Hanping Zhang, Lining Yang, Lanxiang Liu, Chanjuan Zhou, Shuai Yuan, Xiaofeng Jiang and Peng Xie

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:162

    Content type: Database

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  12. The number of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA) in China continues to increase. Depression, a common mental disorder in this population, may confer a higher likelihood of worse health outcomes. An estimate of...

    Authors: Tingting Wang, Hanlin Fu, Atipatsa Chiwanda Kaminga, Zhanzhan Li, Guiping Guo, Lizhang Chen and Qiongxuan Li

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:160

    Content type: Research article

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  13. Treatment of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has evolved from interferon (IFN)-based treatments to direct-acting antivirals (DAAs). Patients with HCV have an elevated psychiatric morbidity (including substan...

    Authors: Isak Sundberg, Anders Lannergård, Mia Ramklint and Janet L. Cunningham

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:157

    Content type: Research article

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  14. Accumulating evidences indicated that mitochondrial abnormalities were associated with bipolar disorder. As a sensitive index of mitochondrial function and biogenesis, Mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) m...

    Authors: Dong Wang, Zongchang Li, Weiqing Liu, Jun Zhou, Xiaoqian Ma, Jinsong Tang and Xiaogang Chen

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:149

    Content type: Research article

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  15. Addiction to smartphone usage is a common worldwide problem among adults, which might negatively affect their wellbeing. This study investigated the prevalence and factors associated with smartphone addiction ...

    Authors: Aljohara A. Alhassan, Ethar M. Alqadhib, Nada W. Taha, Raneem A. Alahmari, Mahmoud Salam and Adel F. Almutairi

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:148

    Content type: Research article

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  17. Depression is one of the most common psychiatric conditions among stroke survivors and is associated with several negative health outcomes. However, little is known about the depression treatment patterns amon...

    Authors: Sandipan Bhattacharjee, Majed Al Yami, Sawsan Kurdi and David Rhys Axon

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:130

    Content type: Research article

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  19. A growing number of studies have associated metabolic syndrome (MetS) and depression, both retrospectively and prospectively. However, it has remained unclear, which degrees, or sub-dimensions of depression ar...

    Authors: Jörg Wiltink, Matthias Michal, Claus Jünger, Thomas Münzel, Philipp S. Wild, Karl J. Lackner, Maria Blettner, Norbert Pfeiffer, Elmar Brähler and Manfred E. Beutel

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:114

    Content type: Research article

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  20. Recently, item responses and total scores on depression screening scales have been reported to have characteristic distributions in the general population. The distributional pattern of responses to the Patien...

    Authors: Shinichiro Tomitaka, Yohei Kawasaki, Kazuki Ide, Maiko Akutagawa, Hiroshi Yamada, Yutaka Ono and Toshiaki A. Furukawa

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:108

    Content type: Research article

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  21. Shared decision-making (SDM) is a model of interaction between doctors and patients in which both actors contribute to the medical decision-making process. SDM has raised great interest in mental healthcare ov...

    Authors: L. Samalin, M. Honciuc, L. Boyer, I. de Chazeron, O. Blanc, M. Abbar and P. M. Llorca

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:103

    Content type: Study protocol

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  23. The fundamental mechanism underlying emotional processing in major depressive disorder (MDD) remains unclear. To better understand the neural correlates of emotional processing in MDD, we investigated the role...

    Authors: Jian Li, E. Kale Edmiston, Yanqing Tang, Guoguang Fan, Ke Xu, Fei Wang and Jiansong Xu

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:96

    Content type: Research article

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  24. Depression is associated with immunological responses as reflected by altered levels of circulating cytokines. Alcohol use and trauma may modulate immune activity, and few studies have investigated these facto...

    Authors: Helge Toft, Sudan Prasad Neupane, Jørgen G. Bramness, Terje Tilden, Bruce E. Wampold and Lars Lien

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:95

    Content type: Research article

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  25. Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a mixed disorder with the highly irregular course, inconsistent response to treatment and has no well-known mechanism for the pathophysiology. Major causes of depression are ...

    Authors: Md Rabiul Islam, Md Reazul Islam, M. M. A. Shalahuddin Qusar, Mohammad Safiqul Islam, Md Humayun Kabir, G. K. M. Mustafizur Rahman, Md Saiful Islam and Abul Hasnat

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:94

    Content type: Research article

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  26. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a serious disease frequently accompanied by anxiety and depression. Few studies have focused on anxiety and depression for mild COPD patients in China. This stud...

    Authors: Tian Xiao, Hua Qiu, Yue Chen, Xianfeng Zhou, Kang Wu, Xiaonan Ruan, Na Wang and Chaowei Fu

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:89

    Content type: Research article

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  27. Patients who require a switch in their antidepressant therapy may have different clinical profiles and treatment needs compared with patients initiating or maintaining a first-line antidepressant therapy.

    Authors: Josep Maria Haro, François-Xavier Lamy, Bengt Jönsson, Martin Knapp, Mélanie Brignone, Hugo Caillou, Ylana Chalem, Lene Hammer-Helmich, Benoît Rive and Delphine Saragoussi

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:80

    Content type: Research article

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  28. Celiac disease is a multi-system disorder with manifestations that may result in psychiatric disorders. We assessed the prevalence of medication use to treat psychiatric disorders in celiac disease patients.

    Authors: Haley M. Zylberberg, Jonas F. Ludvigsson, Peter H. R. Green and Benjamin Lebwohl

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:76

    Content type: Research article

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  29. Some authors have hypothesized that Treatment-Resistant Unipolar Depression (TRD-UP) should be considered within the bipolar spectrum disorders and that hidden bipolarity may be a risk factor for TRD-UP. Howev...

    Authors: Nicolas A. Nuñez, Stefano Comai, Eduard Dumitrescu, Maykel F. Ghabrash, John Tabaka, Marie Saint-Laurent, Stephen Vida, Theodore Kolivakis, Allan Fielding, Nancy Low, Pablo Cervantes, Linda Booij and Gabriella Gobbi

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:68

    Content type: Research article

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  30. Depression is the principal cause of disability in the world. High prevalence rates of depression in general populations and college students have been found worldwide and in various cultural groups. Low-inten...

    Authors: Alicia Salamanca-Sanabria, Derek Richards, Ladislav Timulak, Leónidas Castro-Camacho, Mónica Mojica-Perilla and Yamilena Parra-Villa

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:53

    Content type: Study protocol

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  31. The risk of relapse in major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with high worldwide disease burden. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and its modifications might be effective in relapse prevention. The a...

    Authors: Zuojie Zhang, Lingli Zhang, Guorong Zhang, Jianing Jin and Zhenyang Zheng

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:50

    Content type: Research article

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  32. Depression is a leading source of morbidity and health loss in Australian women. This study investigates the determinants of antenatal depressive symptoms and postnatal depressive symptoms in an Australian pop...

    Authors: Felix Akpojene Ogbo, John Eastwood, Alexandra Hendry, Bin Jalaludin, Kingsley E. Agho, Bryanne Barnett and Andrew Page

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:49

    Content type: Research article

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  33. Bereavement can result in severe mental health problems, including persistent, severe and disabling grief symptoms, termed complicated grief. Grief rumination (i.e., repetitive thought about the causes and con...

    Authors: Bettina K. Doering, Antonia Barke, Thilo Friehs and Maarten C. Eisma

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:43

    Content type: Research article

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  35. Lithium remains first choice as maintenance treatment for bipolar affective disorder. Yet, about half of all individuals may stop their treatment at some point, despite lithium’s proven benefits concerning the...

    Authors: Louise Öhlund, Michael Ott, Sofia Oja, Malin Bergqvist, Robert Lundqvist, Mikael Sandlund, Ellinor Salander Renberg and Ursula Werneke

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:37

    Content type: Research article

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    The Correction to this article has been published in BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:322

  36. Miscarriages are a common pregnancy complication affecting about 10–15% of pregnancies. Miscarriages may be associated with a myriad of psychiatric morbidity at various timelines after the event. Depression ha...

    Authors: Steve Kyende Mutiso, Alfred Murage and Abraham Mwaniki Mukaindo

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:32

    Content type: Research article

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  37. This forms the first study of a group-based psychoeducation program for inpatients following remission of a manic episode in patients suffering from bipolar I disorder in a Chinese population. The aim was to e...

    Authors: Runsen Chen, Yingjun Xi, Xue Wang, Yaqiong Li, Yuyang He and Jiong Luo

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:26

    Content type: Research article

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  39. Experience sampling, a method for real-time self-monitoring of affective experiences, holds opportunities for person-tailored treatment. By focussing on dynamic patterns of positive affect, experience sampling...

    Authors: Claudia J. P. Simons, Marjan Drukker, Silvia Evers, Ghislaine A. P. G. van Mastrigt, Petra Höhn, Ingrid Kramer, Frenk Peeters, Philippe Delespaul, Claudia Menne-Lothmann, Jessica A. Hartmann, Jim van Os and Marieke Wichers

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2017 17:415

    Content type: Research article

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  40. A number of epidemiological studies have examined the effect of meat consumption on depression. However, no conclusion has been reached. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between meat consu...

    Authors: Yi Zhang, Ye Yang, Ming-sheng Xie, Xiang Ding, Hui Li, Zhi-chen Liu and Shi-fang Peng

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2017 17:409

    Content type: Research article

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  41. Few actigraphy studies in mood disorders have simultaneously included unipolar (UP) and bipolar (BD) depression or BD mixed states as a separate subgroup from mania. This study compared objectively measured ac...

    Authors: Karoline Krane-Gartiser, Arne E. Vaaler, Ole Bernt Fasmer, Kjetil Sørensen, Gunnar Morken and Jan Scott

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2017 17:404

    Content type: Research article

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  42. Patients with chronic depression (persisting symptoms for ≥2 years) are a clinically relevant group with extensive (co)morbidity, high functional impairment and associated costs in primary care. The General Pr...

    Authors: Florian Wolf, Antje Freytag, Sven Schulz, Thomas Lehmann, Susann Schaffer, Horst Christian Vollmar, Thomas Kühlein and Jochen Gensichen

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2017 17:401

    Content type: Research article

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  43. Guidance of patients treated with antidepressants is paramount for successful therapy. The aim was to assess patients’ needs and suggestions for improvement of guidance by physicians and pharmacists during sec...

    Authors: Mariёtte Nederlof, Daniёlle C. Cath, Lennart J. Stoker, Toine C. G. Egberts and Eibert R. Heerdink

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2017 17:388

    Content type: Research article

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  44. Depression is one of the most common diagnosed psychiatric disorders in the world. Besides individual risk factors, it is also found that environment and socio-cultural factors are the other main risk factors ...

    Authors: Mehmet Çakıcı, Özlem Gökçe, Asra Babayiğit, Ebru Çakıcı and Ayhan Eş

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2017 17:387

    Content type: Research article

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  45. The manifestation of major depressive disorder (MDD) may include cognitive symptoms that can precede the onset of MDD and persist beyond the resolution of acute depressive episodes. However, little is known ab...

    Authors: Bjarke Ebert, Kamilla Miskowiak, Morten Kloster, Jon Johansen, Cara Eckholm, Torbjörn Wærner, Mads Holme and Louise Meldgaard Bruun

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2017 17:370

    Content type: Research article

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  46. Despite the availability of evidence based treatments, many people with major depression receive no or delayed professional treatment, which may put them at risk for adverse outcomes. The aim of this study was...

    Authors: A. M. Boerema, M. ten Have, A. Kleiboer, R. de Graaf, J. Nuyen, P. Cuijpers and A. T. F. Beekman

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2017 17:367

    Content type: Research article

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  47. Highly hypnotizable individuals have impaired executive function, elevated motor impulsivity and increased emotional sensitivity, which are sometimes found in bipolar disorder patients. It is then reasonable t...

    Authors: Bingren Zhang, Jiawei Wang, Qisha Zhu, Guorong Ma, Chanchan Shen, Hongying Fan and Wei Wang

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2017 17:362

    Content type: Research article

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  48. In clinical practice, some patients diagnosed with anxiety disorder (AD) may develop bipolar disorder (BD) many years later, and some cases of AD may be cured by the use of mood stabilizers. However, the relat...

    Authors: Na Du, Ya-ling Zhou, Xu Zhang, Jing Guo and Xue-li Sun

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2017 17:351

    Content type: Research article

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  49. In Western European countries, the prevalence of depressive symptoms is higher among ethnic minority groups, compared to the host population. We explored whether these inequalities reflect variance in the way ...

    Authors: Henrike Galenkamp, Karien Stronks, Marieke B. Snijder and Eske M. Derks

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2017 17:349

    Content type: Research article

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  50. Increased prevalence of depression is found in both type 2 diabetes (T2D) and type 1 diabetes (T1D). Melancholia and atypical depression differ by cortisol secretion and clinical features. The aim was to compa...

    Authors: Eva O. Melin, Maria Thunander, Mona Landin-Olsson, Magnus Hillman and Hans O. Thulesius

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2017 17:335

    Content type: Research article

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