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Mood disorders

Section edited by Florian Seemüller

This section is dedicated to covering all aspects of a wide range of mood disorders. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, biological psychiatry, depression, psychoneuroendocrinology, bipolar disorders, antidepressants, psychopharmacology, neuroimaging, transcranial/cortical stimulation, electroencephalography and co-morbid conditions associated with mood disorders.


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  1. In the absence of one intervention that can cure all patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), the leading cause of disability worldwide, increased attention has been focused on selecting the best treatme...

    Authors: Sigal Zilcha-Mano, Tohar Dolev, Liat Leibovich and Jacques P. Barber

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:362

    Content type: Study protocol

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  3. Diabetes and depression are both chronic debilitating conditions, and their coexistence has been associated with adverse outcomes. In this study, we investigated the association between glycaemic control and d...

    Authors: Josephine Akpalu, Ernest Yorke, Joana Ainuson-Quampah, Williams Balogun and Kwame Yeboah

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:357

    Content type: Research article

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  4. In the Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression (STAR*D) study, a third of patients did not achieve remission or adequate response after two treatment trials, fulfilling requirements for treatmen...

    Authors: Allitia DiBernardo, Xiwu Lin, Qiaoyi Zhang, Jim Xiang, Lang Lu, Carol Jamieson, Carmela Benson, Kwan Lee, Robert Bodén, Lena Brandt, Philip Brenner, Johan Reutfors and Gang Li

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:352

    Content type: Research article

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  6. The detection of early warning signs is essential in the long-term treatment of bipolar disorders. However, in bipolar patients’ daily life and outpatient treatment the assessment of upcoming state changes fac...

    Authors: Esther Mühlbauer, Michael Bauer, Ulrich Ebner-Priemer, Philipp Ritter, Holger Hill, Fabrice Beier, Nikolaus Kleindienst and Emanuel Severus

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:349

    Content type: Study protocol

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  7. Studies have confirmed that the thalamus and the primary somatosensory cortex (SI) are associated with cognitive function. These two brain regions are closely related in structure and function. The interaction...

    Authors: Lijun Kang, Aixia Zhang, Ning Sun, Penghong Liu, Chunxia Yang, Gaizhi Li, Zhifen Liu, Yanfang Wang and Kerang Zhang

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:339

    Content type: Research article

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  8. Several studies have suggested that depression is associated with an increased risk for fracture; however, the results are conflicting. This study aimed to conduct a meta-analysis of cohort studies assessing t...

    Authors: Lei Qiu, Qin Yang, Na Sun, Dandan Li, Yuxin Zhao, Xiaotong Li, Yanhong Gong, Chuanzhu Lv and Xiaoxv Yin

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:336

    Content type: Research article

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  9. Bipolar disorder (BD) is characterized by recurrent (hypo)manic and depressive episodes, alternating with euthymic states in which patients are relatively symptom free. Besides clinical recovery, it is importa...

    Authors: Jannis T. Kraiss, Peter M. ten Klooster, Melissa Chrispijn, Hester R. Trompetter, Anja W.M.M. Stevens, Erica Neutel, Ralph W. Kupka and Ernst T. Bohlmeijer

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:335

    Content type: Study protocol

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  10. Globally, depressive disorders are one of the most common forms of mental illness. Using data from the most recent Global Burden of Disease, Injury, and Risk Factor Study 2016 (GBD 2016), we aimed to describe ...

    Authors: Felix Akpojene Ogbo, Sruthi Mathsyaraja, Rajeendra Kashyap Koti, Janette Perz and Andrew Page

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:333

    Content type: Research article

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  11. A series of studies indicate that a fast onset of a depressive episode (within 7 days) is a clinical variable useful for indicating bipolarity even when no manic episode has occurred to date. The role of acute...

    Authors: Maria Strauss, Roland Mergl, Nora Gürke, Kerstin Kleinert, Christian Sander and Ulrich Hegerl

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:332

    Content type: Research article

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  12. Major depressive disorder (MDD) is related to human’s immune status, and immunological indicators such as mitogen stimulated cell proliferation and cytokines may become candidate biomarkers for disease diagnosis.

    Authors: Ping Lin, Bingyu Ding, Yunqiang Wu, Ke Dong and Qingtian Li

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:330

    Content type: Research article

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  13. Few longitudinal studies have examined associations between risk factors during pregnancy and mental health outcomes during the postpartum period. We used a cohort study design to estimate the prevalence, inci...

    Authors: Linnet Ongeri, Valentine Wanga, Phelgona Otieno, Jane Mbui, Elizabeth Juma, Ann Vander Stoep and Muthoni Mathai

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:318

    Content type: Research article

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  14. Much evidence consistent with the Marital Discord Model of Depression (MDMD) suggests that marital discord is associated with depression, but no studies examine the relationship between marital satisfaction an...

    Authors: Saman Maroufizadeh, Mostafa Hosseini, Abbas Rahimi Foroushani, Reza Omani-Samani and Payam Amini

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:310

    Content type: Research article

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  15. A growing body of evidence in relatively healthy populations suggests that postpartum depression and fatigue are likely distinct but related experiences. However, differentiating depression and fatigue in clin...

    Authors: Nathan Wilson, Karen Wynter, Jane Fisher and Bei Bei

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:309

    Content type: Research article

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  17. A subgroup of depressed patients with increased inflammatory activity was shown to be more susceptible to develop Treatment Resistant Depression (TRD). Earlier studies with anti-inflammatory drugs have shown b...

    Authors: Chenghao Yang, Fokko J. Bosker, Jie Li and Robert A. Schoevers

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:279

    Content type: Study protocol

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  18. Depression is a leading cause of disability worldwide. To reduce the societal burden and improve quality of life for individual patients, treatments for depression need to be optimized. There is a particular n...

    Authors: Jojanneke A. Bastiaansen, Maaike Meurs, Renee Stelwagen, Lex Wunderink, Robert A. Schoevers, Marieke Wichers and Albertine J. Oldehinkel

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:276

    Content type: Study protocol

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  19. In cancer patients, depressive disorder comorbidity is associated with greater suicide risk and poorer treatment outcomes, quality of life, and adherence to treatment. The aim of the study was to evaluate the ...

    Authors: Li-Yu Hu, Chia-Jen Liu, Chiu-Mei Yeh, Ti Lu, Yu-Wen Hu, Tzeng-Ji Chen, Pan-Ming Chen, Shyh-Chyang Lee and Cheng-Ho Chang

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:272

    Content type: Research article

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  20. Depression is the most prevalent psychiatric disorder among people living with HIV (PLWHIV) and is associated with poor quality of life, additional comorbidities, disability, unemployment, poorer therapeutic o...

    Authors: Getinet Ayano, Melat Solomon and Mebratu Abraha

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:254

    Content type: Research article

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  21. Patients with comorbid depression and personality disorders suffer from a heavy disease burden while tailored treatment options are limited, accounting for a high psychological and economic burden. Little is k...

    Authors: Marit Kool, Henricus L. Van, Anna Bartak, Saskia C. M. de Maat, Arnoud Arntz, Johanna W. van den Eshof, Jaap Peen, Matthijs Blankers, Judith E. Bosmans and Jack J. M. Dekker

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:252

    Content type: Study protocol

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  22. More systematic use of evidence-based brief therapies is needed in the treatment of depression within psychiatric care. The aim of this study was to explore the impact of behavioral activation therapy (BA) for...

    Authors: Kaisa E. Luoto, Lars H. Lindholm, Vesa Paavonen, Antti Koivukangas, Antero Lassila, Esa Leinonen and Olli Kampman

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:238

    Content type: Research article

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  23. Perinatal depression is an important contributor to maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Migrant women, particularly those resettling within low- and middle-income settings, are at increased risk of per...

    Authors: Gracia Fellmeth, Emma H. Plugge, Suphak Nosten, May May Oo, Mina Fazel, Prakaykaew Charunwatthana, François Nosten, Raymond Fitzpatrick and Rose McGready

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:229

    Content type: Research article

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  24. Lithium is the gold-standard treatment for bipolar disorder, is highly effective in treating major depressive disorder, and has anti-suicidal properties. However, clinicians are increasingly avoiding lithium l...

    Authors: Jocelyn Fotso Soh, Susana G. Torres-Platas, Serge Beaulieu, Outi Mantere, Robert Platt, Istvan Mucsi, Sybille Saury, Suzane Renaud, Andrea Levinson, Ana C. Andreazza, Benoit H. Mulsant, Daniel Müller, Ayal Schaffer, Annemiek Dols, Pablo Cervantes, Nancy CP Low…

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:227

    Content type: Study protocol

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  25. To investigate the rates of hospitalisation for anaemia and depression in women in the six-year period (3 years before and after birth). To compare hospital admissions for depression in women with and without ...

    Authors: Fenglian Xu, Lynette Roberts, Colin Binns, Elizabeth Sullivan and Caroline S. E. Homer

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:224

    Content type: Research article

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  26. The primary objective of this randomised controlled trial (RCT) is to establish the effectiveness of a novel online quality of life (QoL) intervention tailored for people with late stage (≥ 10 episodes) bipola...

    Authors: Kathryn Fletcher, Fiona Foley, Neil Thomas, Erin Michalak, Lesley Berk, Michael Berk, Steve Bowe, Sue Cotton, Lidia Engel, Sheri L. Johnson, Steven Jones, Michael Kyrios, Sara Lapsley, Cathrine Mihalopoulos, Tania Perich and Greg Murray

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:221

    Content type: Study protocol

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  27. Major depression is a highly prevalent condition. Its pathogenesis is related to a wide variety of biological and psychosocial factors and among these is factors related to lifestyle. Lifestyle-based intervent...

    Authors: B. Olivan-Blázquez, J. Montero-Marin, M. García-Toro, E. Vicens-Pons, M. J. Serrano-Ripoll, A. Castro-Gracia, M. C. Sarasa-Bosque, J. M. Mendive-Arbeloa, Y. López-del-Hoyo and J. Garcia-Campayo

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:205

    Content type: Research article

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  28. A specialist depression service (SDS) offering collaborative pharmacological and cognitive behaviour therapy treatment for persistent depressive disorder showed effectiveness against depression symptoms versus...

    Authors: Louise Thomson, Marcus Barker, Catherine Kaylor-Hughes, Anne Garland, Rajini Ramana, Richard Morriss, Emily Hammond, Gail Hopkins and Sandra Simpson

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:194

    Content type: Research article

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  29. Although psychotherapy is an effective treatment for depression, a large number of patients still do not receive care according to the protocols that are used in clinical trials. Instead, patients often receiv...

    Authors: Sanne J. E. Bruijniks, Gerdien Franx and Marcus J. H. Huibers

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:190

    Content type: Research article

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  30. The longitudinal relationship between BMI and depressive symptoms is not well understood. Therefore, we aimed at investigating the long-term association between body-mass-index (BMI) and depressive symptoms am...

    Authors: André Hajek and Hans-Helmut König

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:182

    Content type: Research article

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  31. Bipolar disorder (BD) is a serious mental illness. Several studies have shown that brain structure and function changes and the development of BD are associated with age and sex differences. Therefore, we hypo...

    Authors: Yanqing Tang, Yinzhu Ma, Xuemei Chen, Xuesheng Fan, Xiaowei Jiang, Yifang Zhou, Fei Wang and Shengnan Wei

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:177

    Content type: Research article

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  32. Depression is a commonly occurring disorder linked to diminished role functioning and quality of life. The development of treatments that overcome barriers to accessing treatment remains an important area of c...

    Authors: M. Deady, D. A. Johnston, N. Glozier, D. Milne, I. Choi, A. Mackinnon, A. Mykletun, R. A. Calvo, A. Gayed, R. Bryant, H. Christensen and S. B. Harvey

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:166

    Content type: Study protocol

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  33. In recent years, whether, when and how to use antidepressants to treat depressive disorder in children and adolescents has been hotly debated. Relevant evidence on this topic has increased rapidly. In this pap...

    Authors: Yuqing Zhang, Xinyu Zhou, Juncai Pu, Hanping Zhang, Lining Yang, Lanxiang Liu, Chanjuan Zhou, Shuai Yuan, Xiaofeng Jiang and Peng Xie

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:162

    Content type: Database

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  34. The number of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA) in China continues to increase. Depression, a common mental disorder in this population, may confer a higher likelihood of worse health outcomes. An estimate of...

    Authors: Tingting Wang, Hanlin Fu, Atipatsa Chiwanda Kaminga, Zhanzhan Li, Guiping Guo, Lizhang Chen and Qiongxuan Li

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:160

    Content type: Research article

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  35. Treatment of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has evolved from interferon (IFN)-based treatments to direct-acting antivirals (DAAs). Patients with HCV have an elevated psychiatric morbidity (including substan...

    Authors: Isak Sundberg, Anders Lannergård, Mia Ramklint and Janet L. Cunningham

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:157

    Content type: Research article

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  36. Accumulating evidences indicated that mitochondrial abnormalities were associated with bipolar disorder. As a sensitive index of mitochondrial function and biogenesis, Mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) m...

    Authors: Dong Wang, Zongchang Li, Weiqing Liu, Jun Zhou, Xiaoqian Ma, Jinsong Tang and Xiaogang Chen

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:149

    Content type: Research article

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  37. Addiction to smartphone usage is a common worldwide problem among adults, which might negatively affect their wellbeing. This study investigated the prevalence and factors associated with smartphone addiction ...

    Authors: Aljohara A. Alhassan, Ethar M. Alqadhib, Nada W. Taha, Raneem A. Alahmari, Mahmoud Salam and Adel F. Almutairi

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:148

    Content type: Research article

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  39. Depression is one of the most common psychiatric conditions among stroke survivors and is associated with several negative health outcomes. However, little is known about the depression treatment patterns amon...

    Authors: Sandipan Bhattacharjee, Majed Al Yami, Sawsan Kurdi and David Rhys Axon

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:130

    Content type: Research article

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  41. A growing number of studies have associated metabolic syndrome (MetS) and depression, both retrospectively and prospectively. However, it has remained unclear, which degrees, or sub-dimensions of depression ar...

    Authors: Jörg Wiltink, Matthias Michal, Claus Jünger, Thomas Münzel, Philipp S. Wild, Karl J. Lackner, Maria Blettner, Norbert Pfeiffer, Elmar Brähler and Manfred E. Beutel

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:114

    Content type: Research article

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  42. Recently, item responses and total scores on depression screening scales have been reported to have characteristic distributions in the general population. The distributional pattern of responses to the Patien...

    Authors: Shinichiro Tomitaka, Yohei Kawasaki, Kazuki Ide, Maiko Akutagawa, Hiroshi Yamada, Yutaka Ono and Toshiaki A. Furukawa

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:108

    Content type: Research article

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  43. Shared decision-making (SDM) is a model of interaction between doctors and patients in which both actors contribute to the medical decision-making process. SDM has raised great interest in mental healthcare ov...

    Authors: L. Samalin, M. Honciuc, L. Boyer, I. de Chazeron, O. Blanc, M. Abbar and P. M. Llorca

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:103

    Content type: Study protocol

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  45. The fundamental mechanism underlying emotional processing in major depressive disorder (MDD) remains unclear. To better understand the neural correlates of emotional processing in MDD, we investigated the role...

    Authors: Jian Li, E. Kale Edmiston, Yanqing Tang, Guoguang Fan, Ke Xu, Fei Wang and Jiansong Xu

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:96

    Content type: Research article

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  46. Depression is associated with immunological responses as reflected by altered levels of circulating cytokines. Alcohol use and trauma may modulate immune activity, and few studies have investigated these facto...

    Authors: Helge Toft, Sudan Prasad Neupane, Jørgen G. Bramness, Terje Tilden, Bruce E. Wampold and Lars Lien

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:95

    Content type: Research article

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  47. Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a mixed disorder with the highly irregular course, inconsistent response to treatment and has no well-known mechanism for the pathophysiology. Major causes of depression are ...

    Authors: Md Rabiul Islam, Md Reazul Islam, M. M. A. Shalahuddin Qusar, Mohammad Safiqul Islam, Md Humayun Kabir, G. K. M. Mustafizur Rahman, Md Saiful Islam and Abul Hasnat

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:94

    Content type: Research article

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  48. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a serious disease frequently accompanied by anxiety and depression. Few studies have focused on anxiety and depression for mild COPD patients in China. This stud...

    Authors: Tian Xiao, Hua Qiu, Yue Chen, Xianfeng Zhou, Kang Wu, Xiaonan Ruan, Na Wang and Chaowei Fu

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:89

    Content type: Research article

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  49. Patients who require a switch in their antidepressant therapy may have different clinical profiles and treatment needs compared with patients initiating or maintaining a first-line antidepressant therapy.

    Authors: Josep Maria Haro, François-Xavier Lamy, Bengt Jönsson, Martin Knapp, Mélanie Brignone, Hugo Caillou, Ylana Chalem, Lene Hammer-Helmich, Benoît Rive and Delphine Saragoussi

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:80

    Content type: Research article

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  50. Celiac disease is a multi-system disorder with manifestations that may result in psychiatric disorders. We assessed the prevalence of medication use to treat psychiatric disorders in celiac disease patients.

    Authors: Haley M. Zylberberg, Jonas F. Ludvigsson, Peter H. R. Green and Benjamin Lebwohl

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:76

    Content type: Research article

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