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Personality disorders and disorders of adult behavior

Section edited by Wei Wang

This section covers a broad range of personality disorders and topics of interest include, but are not limited to, psychological assessment, associations among social roles, personality, and physical and mental health, and cognitive functions.

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  1. The Dissociative Experiences Scale-II (DES-II) is a self-report questionnaire that measures dissociative experiences such as derealization, depersonalization, absorption and amnesia. The DES-II has been preval...

    Authors: Aristide Saggino, Giorgia Molinengo, Guyonne Rogier, Carlo Garofalo, Barbara Loera, Marco Tommasi and Patrizia Velotti

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2020 20:8

    Content type: Technical advance

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  2. The purpose of this study was to assess the pharmacological treatment strategies of inpatients with borderline personality disorder between 2008 and 2012. Additionally, we compared pharmacotherapy during this ...

    Authors: Charles Timäus, Miriam Meiser, Borwin Bandelow, Kirsten R. Engel, Anne M. Paschke, Jens Wiltfang and Dirk Wedekind

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2019 19:393

    Content type: Research article

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  3. In Oman, anecdotal and impressionistic observation have helped parse and categorize various manifestations of spirit possession into two broad and distinct categories: intermittent dissociative phenomenon and ...

    Authors: Samir Al-Adawi, Yahya Al-Kalbani, Sathiya Murthi Panchatcharam, Matlooba Ayoub Al-Zadjali, Sara S. Al-Adawi, Musthafa M. Essa and M. Walid Qoronfleh

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2019 19:379

    Content type: Research article

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  4. Although there is growing evidence that stepped models of care are useful for providing appropriate, person centered care, there are very few studies applied to personality disorders. A brief, four session, ps...

    Authors: Elizabeth Huxley, Kate L. Lewis, Adam D. Coates, Wayne M. Borg, Caitlin E. Miller, Michelle L. Townsend and Brin F. S. Grenyer

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2019 19:341

    Content type: Research article

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  5. Narcissistic personality disorder (NPD) has never been applied in Chinese clinical practice, and the distribution of NPD in the clinical population of China is largely unknown. The current study uses two-stage...

    Authors: XueFeng Jiang, JunJie Wang, Wei Sun, LiHua Xu, XiaoChen Tang, HuiRu Cui, YanYan Wei, Li Hui, Yi Qiao, JiJun Wang and TianHong Zhang

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2019 19:212

    Content type: Research article

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  6. In this correspondence we correct some misleading information about mentalization-based treatment in Oslo, Norway.

    Authors: Sigmund Karterud and Elfrida Hartveit Kvarstein

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2019 19:208

    Content type: Correspondence

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    The original article was published in BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:185

  7. Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a complex and debilitating disorder, characterized by deficits in metacognition and emotion dysregulation. The “gold standard” treatment for this disorder is psychother...

    Authors: Laura Rosa Magni, Antonino Carcione, Clarissa Ferrari, Antonio Semerari, Ilaria Riccardi, Giuseppe Nicolo’, Mariangela Lanfredi, Laura Pedrini, Maria Cotelli, Luisella Bocchio, Michela Pievani, Roberto Gasparotti and Roberta Rossi

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2019 19:195

    Content type: Study protocol

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  8. Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a relatively common and disabling psychiatric disorder whose pathophysiology is incompletely understood. In this study, we utilized magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) ...

    Authors: Yan Li, Chen Cheng Zhang, Kathrin Weidacker, Yingying Zhang, Naying He, Haiyan Jin, Weibo Chen, Valerie Voon, Richard A. E. Edden and Fuhua Yan

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2019 19:164

    Content type: Research article

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  9. The main objectives of the mobile Psychiatric Emergency Services (PES) in the Netherlands are to assess the presence of a mental disorder, to estimate risk to self or others, and to initiate continuity of care...

    Authors: Mark Van Veen, André I. Wierdsma, Christine van Boeijen, Jack Dekker, Jeroen Zoeteman, Bauke Koekkoek and Cornelis L. Mulder

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2019 19:157

    Content type: Research article

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  10. Adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a serious and frequent psychiatric disorder of multifactorial pathogenesis. Several lines of evidence support the idea that ADHD is, in its core, a diso...

    Authors: Peter Sörös, Eliza Hoxhaj, Patricia Borel, Chiharu Sadohara, Bernd Feige, Swantje Matthies, Helge H. O. Müller, Katharina Bachmann, Marcel Schulze and Alexandra Philipsen

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2019 19:43

    Content type: Research article

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  11. Early exposure to trauma is a known risk factor for personality disorder (PD), but evidence for late-onset personality pathology following trauma in adults is much less clear. We set out to investigate whether...

    Authors: Jasna Munjiza, Dolores Britvic and Mike J. Crawford

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2019 19:3

    Content type: Research article

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  13. Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a severe mental illness that is associated with low quality of life, low psychosocial functioning, and high societal costs. Treatments for BPD have improved in the last...

    Authors: Eva Fassbinder, Nele Assmann, Anja Schaich, Kristin Heinecke, Till Wagner, Valerija Sipos, Kamila Jauch-Chara, Michael Hüppe, Arnoud Arntz and Ulrich Schweiger

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:341

    Content type: Study protocol

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  14. The Alternative DSM-5 Model for Personality Disorders as well as the upcoming IDC-11 have established a new focus on diagnosing personality disorders (PD): personality functioning. An impairment of self and in...

    Authors: Stephan Doering, Victor Blüml, Karoline Parth, Karin Feichtinger, Maria Gruber, Martin Aigner, Hemma Rössler-Schülein, Marion Freidl and Antonia Wininger

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:294

    Content type: Research article

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  15. Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is associated with an intensive use of mental health services, even in the absence of a full diagnosis. Early symptom detection and intervention may help alleviate adverse...

    Authors: Silvia Hurtado-Santiago, José Guzmán-Parra, Rosa M. Bersabé and Fermín Mayoral

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:277

    Content type: Study protocol

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  16. Emerging evidence suggests a possible etiologic role of certain personality traits (not necessary dysfunctional) in the risk of depression, but the longitudinal long-term available evidence is currently scarce...

    Authors: Francisca Lahortiga-Ramos, Cristian Raquel Unzueta, Itziar Zazpe, Susana Santiago, Patricio Molero, Almudena Sánchez-Villegas and Miguel Ángel Martínez-González

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:241

    Content type: Research article

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  17. Although Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT) is an evidence-based psychosocial treatment for borderline personality disorder (BPD), the demand for it exceeds available resources. The commonly researched 12-mon...

    Authors: Shelley F. McMain, Alexander L. Chapman, Janice R. Kuo, Tim Guimond, David L. Streiner, Katherine L. Dixon-Gordon, Wanrudee Isaranuwatchai and Jeffrey S. Hoch

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:230

    Content type: Study protocol

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  18. The effects of the seaweed extract were evaluated on the animal model equivalent of depression compared with a control group treated with the carrier (spring water) and a reference group treated with Imipramin...

    Authors: François-André Allaert, Hervé Demais and Pi Nyvall Collén

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:215

    Content type: Research article

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  19. This study aims to elucidate the interplay between borderline personality symptoms and working conditions as a pathway for impaired work performance among workers in the general population.

    Authors: Trees T. Juurlink, Margreet ten Have, Femke Lamers, Hein J. F. van Marle, Johannes R. Anema, Ron de Graaf and Aartjan T. F. Beekman

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:202

    Content type: Research article

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  20. Research is scarce on how mothers’ symptoms of personality disorders are linked to the mother-toddler relationship. In this study we have explored the extent to which these symptoms are associated with mutual ...

    Authors: Magnhild Singstad Høivik, Stian Lydersen, Ingunn Ranøyen and Turid Suzanne Berg-Nielsen

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:198

    Content type: Research article

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    The Correction to this article has been published in BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:387

  21. Mentalisation-based treatment (MBT) in borderline personality disorder (BPD) has a growing evidence base, but there is a lack of effectiveness and moderator studies. The present study examined the effectivenes...

    Authors: J. Löf, D. Clinton, V. Kaldo and G. Rydén

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:185

    Content type: Research article

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    The Correspondence to this article has been published in BMC Psychiatry 2019 19:208

  22. Agitation is a common manifestation of bipolar disorder and schizophrenia which includes symptoms ranging from inner tension and unease to violence and aggression. Much of the existing literature has focused o...

    Authors: Jenna Roberts, Alfredo Gracia Canales, Sophee Blanthorn-Hazell, Anca Craciun Boldeanu and Davneet Judge

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:104

    Content type: Research article

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  23. In the Republic of Ireland, borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a feature of approximately 11–20% of clinical presentations to outpatient clinics within mental health services. These estimates are similar...

    Authors: Daniel Flynn, Mary Kells, Mary Joyce, Catalina Suarez and Conall Gillespie

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:51

    Content type: Study protocol

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    The Correction to this article has been published in BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:123

  24. Evidence suggests that nearly half of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) do not achieve an adequate response to antidepressant treatments (ADTs), which impacts patients’ functioning, quality of life...

    Authors: Rajnish Mago, Andrea Fagiolini, Emmanuelle Weiller and Catherine Weiss

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2018 18:33

    Content type: Research article

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  25. Alexithymia is characterised by difficulties identifying and describing emotions. Few studies have investigated how alexithymia influences decision-making under different conditions (ambiguity and risk). This ...

    Authors: Lei Zhang, Xue Wang, Yu Zhu, Hongchen Li, Chunyan Zhu, Fengqiong Yu and Kai Wang

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2017 17:378

    Content type: Research article

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  26. Smartphones are becoming increasingly indispensable in everyday life for most undergraduates in China, and this has been associated with problematic use or addiction. The aim of the current study was to invest...

    Authors: Baifeng Chen, Fei Liu, Shushu Ding, Xia Ying, Lele Wang and Yufeng Wen

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2017 17:341

    Content type: Research article

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  27. Current guidelines recommend referral to highly specialized care for patients with severe personality disorders. However, criteria for allocation to highly specialized care are not clearly defined. The aim of ...

    Authors: M. Goorden, E. M. C. Willemsen, C. A. M. Bouwmans-Frijters, J. J. V. Busschbach, M. J. Noomx, C. M. van der Feltz-Cornelis, C. A. Uyl-de Groot and L. Hakkaart-van Roijen

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2017 17:317

    Content type: Research article

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  28. Prison is an extremely stressful environment and prisoners have an increasing risk of suffering from alexithymia. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of alexithymia amo...

    Authors: Li Chen, Linna Xu, Weimin You, Xiaoyan Zhang and Nanpeng Ling

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2017 17:287

    Content type: Research article

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  29. Understandings of personal recovery have emerged as an alternative framework to traditional ideas of clinical progression, or symptom remission, in clinical practice. Most research in this field has focussed o...

    Authors: Andrew Shepherd, Caroline Sanders and Jenny Shaw

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2017 17:282

    Content type: Research article

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  30. Impulsivity is involved in numerous psychiatric and addictive disorders, as well as in risky behaviors. The UPPS-P scale highlights five complementary impulsivity constructs (i.e., positive urgency, negative u...

    Authors: Ghada Bteich, Djamal Berbiche and Yasser Khazaal

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2017 17:244

    Content type: Research article

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  31. The overall aim of this study is to present descriptive data regarding the treated prevalence of nine common psychiatric and substance use disorders in the first Primary Care Registry (PCR) in Sweden: Major De...

    Authors: Jan Sundquist, Henrik Ohlsson, Kristina Sundquist and Kenneth S. Kendler

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2017 17:235

    Content type: Research article

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  32. According to several studies, the onset of the Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) depends on the combination between genetic and environmental factors (GxE), in particular between biological vulnerabilities...

    Authors: Nadia Cattane, Roberta Rossi, Mariangela Lanfredi and Annamaria Cattaneo

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2017 17:221

    Content type: Debate

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  33. Patients with personality disorders commonly exhibit impairment in psychosocial function that persists over time even with diagnostic remission. Further causal knowledge may help to identify and assess factors...

    Authors: Ole Klungsøyr, Bjørnar Antonsen and Theresa Wilberg

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2017 17:210

    Content type: Research article

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  34. Trauma-related disorders and personality disorders are prevalent in survivors of chronic childhood trauma and neglect. Both conditions have serious consequences for patients, their families, society and public...

    Authors: Sanne Swart, Marleen Wildschut, Nel Draijer, Willemien Langeland and Jan H. Smit

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2017 17:173

    Content type: Study protocol

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  36. Schizotypal personality disorder (SPD) is linked to schizophrenia in terms of shared genetics, biological markers and phenomenological characteristics. In the current study, we aimed to determine whether the p...

    Authors: Yikang Zhu, Yunxiang Tang, Tianhong Zhang, Hui Li, Yingying Tang, Chunbo Li, Xingguang Luo, Yongguang He, Zheng Lu and Jijun Wang

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2017 17:48

    Content type: Research article

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  37. Current categorical classification of personality disorders has been criticized for overlooking the dimensional nature of personality and that it may miss some sub-threshold personality disturbances of clinica...

    Authors: Max Karukivi, Tero Vahlberg, Kalle Horjamo, Minna Nevalainen and Jyrki Korkeila

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2017 17:16

    Content type: Research article

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  38. People in treatment for substance use disorder commonly have comorbid personality disorders, including antisocial personality disorder. Little is known about treatments that specifically address comorbid antis...

    Authors: Birgitte Thylstrup, Sidsel Schrøder, Mats Fridell and Morten Hesse

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2017 17:7

    Content type: Research article

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  39. The growing interest in problematic hoarding as an independent clinical condition has led to the development of the Saving Inventory-Revised (SI-R) to assess hoarding phenomenology. The SI-R is one of the most...

    Authors: Siau Pheng Lee, Clarissa Ong, Vathsala Sagayadevan, Rebecca Ong, Edimansyah Abdin, Susan Lim, Janhavi Vaingankar, Louisa Picco, Swapna Verma, Siow Ann Chong and Mythily Subramaniam

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2016 16:364

    Content type: Research article

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  40. Antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) is an under-researched mental disorder. Systematic reviews and policy documents identify ASPD as a priority area for further treatment research because of the scarcity of...

    Authors: Anthony Bateman, Jennifer O’Connell, Nicolas Lorenzini, Tessa Gardner and Peter Fonagy

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2016 16:304

    Content type: Research article

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  41. Cultural and personality factors might contribute to the clinical differences of psychiatric patients all over the world including China. One cultural oriented Chinese Adjective Descriptors of Personality (CAD...

    Authors: Hongying Fan, Qisha Zhu, Guorong Ma, Chanchan Shen, Bingren Zhang and Wei Wang

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2016 16:302

    Content type: Research article

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  42. The personality disorder categories in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders IV have been extensively criticized, and there is a growing consensus that personality pathology should be repre...

    Authors: Birgitte Thylstrup, Sebastian Simonsen, Caroline Nemery, Erik Simonsen, Jane Fjernestad Noll, Mikkel Wanting Myatt and Morten Hesse

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2016 16:298

    Content type: Research article

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  43. Therapeutic communities (TCs) could reduce the health care use of people with personality disorder (Davies S, Campling P and Ryan K, Psychiatrist 23:79–83, 1999; Barr W, Kirkcaldy A, Horne A, Hodge S, Hellin K...

    Authors: Daniel Maughan, Rob Lillywhite, Steve Pearce, Toby Pillinger and Scott Weich

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2016 16:285

    Content type: Research article

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  44. Symptoms description is often not enough to provide clinicians with guidelines for treatments and patients’ clinical history does not represent an exhaustive source of data. Psychopathological dysfunctions are...

    Authors: Andrea Ferrero, Barbara Simonelli, Simona Fassina, Elisabetta Cairo, Giovanni Abbate-Daga, Enrica Marzola and Secondo Fassino

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2016 16:253

    Content type: Research article

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  45. Despite increasing knowledge of the prevalence of borderline personality disorder (BPD) in the general population, and rising awareness of mental disorders both as a categorical and a dimensional construct, re...

    Authors: Margreet ten Have, Roel Verheul, Ad Kaasenbrood, Saskia van Dorsselaer, Marlous Tuithof, Marloes Kleinjan and Ron de Graaf

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2016 16:249

    Content type: Research article

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  46. The reported rates of personality disorder (PD) in subjects with schizophrenia (SZ) are quite varied across different countries, and less is known about the heterogeneity of PD among subjects with SZ. We exami...

    Authors: YanYan Wei, TianHong Zhang, Annabelle Chow, YingYing Tang, LiHua Xu, YunFei Dai, XiaoHua Liu, Tong Su, Xiao Pan, Yi Cui, ZiQiang Li, KaiDa Jiang, ZePing Xiao, YunXiang Tang and JiJun Wang

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2016 16:224

    Content type: Research article

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  47. We investigated to what degree environmental exposure (childhood trauma, urbanicity, cannabis use, and discrimination) impacts symptom connectivity using both continuous and categorical measures of psychopatho...

    Authors: Sinan Guloksuz, Martine van Nierop, Maarten Bak, Ron de Graaf, Margreet ten Have, Saskia van Dorsselaer, Nicole Gunther, Roselind Lieb, Ruud van Winkel, Hans-Ulrich Wittchen and Jim van Os

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2016 16:223

    Content type: Research article

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  48. Nicotine use has been reported to ameliorate symptoms of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Furthermore, adults with ADHD have a relatively high prevalence of cigarette smoking and greater diffic...

    Authors: Michael Liebrenz, Carl Erik Fisher, Romilda Nellen, Anja Frei, Anne-Catherine Biechl, Nina Hiestand, Alice Huber, Anna Buadze and Dominique Eich

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2016 16:208

    Content type: Research article

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  49. Depersonalization-derealization syndrome (DDS) is an underdiagnosed and underresearched clinical phenomenon. In Germany, its administrative prevalence is far below the threshold for orphan diseases, although a...

    Authors: Matthias Michal, Julia Adler, Jörg Wiltink, Iris Reiner, Regine Tschan, Klaus Wölfling, Sabine Weimert, Inka Tuin, Claudia Subic-Wrana, Manfred E. Beutel and Rüdiger Zwerenz

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2016 16:203

    Content type: Research article

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  50. Previous studies suggested that the presence of ADHD in children and young adolescents may affect the development of personality. Whether or not the persistence of ADHD in adult life is associated with distinc...

    Authors: Nader Perroud, Roland Hasler, Nicolas Golay, Julien Zimmermann, Paco Prada, Rosetta Nicastro, Jean-Michel Aubry, Stefano Ardu, François R Herrmann, Panteleimon Giannakopoulos and Patrick Baud

    Citation: BMC Psychiatry 2016 16:199

    Content type: Research article

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