Articles

Randomised trials relevant to mental health conducted in low and middle-income countries: protocol for a survey of studies published in 1991, 1995 and 2000 and assessment of their relevance

A substantial proportion of the psychiatric burden of disease falls on the world's poorest nations. Despite this, relatively little is known about the quality and content of clinical research undertaken in the...

Authors: Rebecca J Syed Sheriff, Mahesh Jayaram, Prathap Tharyan, Lelia Duley and Clive E Adams

Schizophrenia and quality of life: a one-year follow-up in four EU countries

This article systematically monitors the quality of life (QOL) of patients with schizophrenia from seven different sites across four European countries: France, Ireland, Portugal and Spain.

Authors: Viviane Kovess-Masféty, Miguel Xavier, Berta Moreno Kustner, Agnieszka Suchocka, Christine Sevilla-Dedieu, Jacques Dubuis, Elisabeth Lacalmontie, Jacques Pellet, Jean-Luc Roelandt and Dermot Walsh

Event-related potentials when identifying or color-naming threatening schematic stimuli in spider phobic and non-phobic individuals

Previous studies revealed increased parietal late positive potentials (LPPs) in response to spider pictures in spider phobic individuals. This study searched for basic features of fear-relevant stimuli by inve...

Authors: Iris-Tatjana Kolassa, Frauke Musial, Stephan Kolassa and Wolfgang HR Miltner

Excessive weight gain after remission of depression in a schizophrenic patient treated with risperidone: case report

The use of atypical antipsychotics in schizophrenic patients has been associated with a risk of weight gain. Similarly, recovery from depression is often followed by improved appetite, greater food intake and ...

Authors: Christos G Theleritis, George N Papadimitriou, Charalabos C Papageorgiou, Dimitris G Dikeos, Vasilis Masdrakis, Constantin Kostoulas, Constantin Psarros and Constantin R Soldatos

Psychiatric services utilization in completed suicides of a youth centres population

From a retrospective study of youth centres (YCs) and coroner's files, we investigated youths' history of medical service utilization who died by suicide. This is the second of two papers on YCs population, th...

Authors: Johanne Renaud, François Chagnon, Bogdan Balan, Gustavo Turecki, Alexander McGirr and Claude Marquette

High effectiveness of self-help programs after drug addiction therapy

The self-help groups Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) and Narcotics Anonymous (NA) are very well established. AA and NA employ a 12-step program and are found in most large cities around the world. Although many have...

Authors: John-Kåre Vederhus and Øistein Kristensen

The Four-Dimensional Symptom Questionnaire (4DSQ): a validation study of a multidimensional self-report questionnaire to assess distress, depression, anxiety and somatization

The Four-Dimensional Symptom Questionnaire (4DSQ) is a self-report questionnaire that has been developed in primary care to distinguish non-specific general distress from depression, anxiety and somatization. ...

Authors: Berend Terluin, Harm WJ van Marwijk, Herman J Adèr, Henrica CW de Vet, Brenda WJH Penninx, Marleen LM Hermens, Christine A van Boeijen, Anton JLM van Balkom, Jac JL van der Klink and Wim AB Stalman

Prevalence of mental disorders in French prisons for men

Psychiatric surveys conducted in prison populations find high prevalence rates, but diagnoses may be difficult in this particular context. None of these surveys have been conducted in France.

Authors: Bruno Falissard, Jean-Yves Loze, Isabelle Gasquet, Anne Duburc, Christiane de Beaurepaire, Francis Fagnani and Frédéric Rouillon

Interoceptive hypersensitivity and interoceptive exposure in patients with panic disorder: specificity and effectiveness

Interoceptive exposure has been validated as an effective component of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for the treatment of panic disorder but has hitherto received little research attention. We examined th...

Authors: Kiyoe Lee, Yumiko Noda, Yumi Nakano, Sei Ogawa, Yoshihiro Kinoshita, Tadashi Funayama and Toshiaki A Furukawa

Morphological correlates to cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia as studied with Bayesian regression

Relationships between cognitive deficits and brain morphological changes observed in schizophrenia are alternately explained by less gray matter in the brain cerebral cortex, by alterations in neural circuitry...

Authors: Glenn Lawyer, Håkan Nyman, Ingrid Agartz, Stefan Arnborg, Erik G Jönsson, Göran C Sedvall and Håkan Hall

Duloxetine compared with fluoxetine and venlafaxine: use of meta-regression analysis for indirect comparisons

Data comparing duloxetine with existing antidepressant treatments is limited. A comparison of duloxetine with fluoxetine has been performed but no comparison with venlafaxine, the other antidepressant in the s...

Authors: Laurent Eckert and Christophe Lançon

Dresden PTSD treatment study: randomized controlled trial of motor vehicle accident survivors

We translated, modified, and extended a cognitive behavioral treatment (CBT) protocol by Blanchard and Hickling (2003) for the purpose of treating survivors of MVA with full or subsyndromal posttraumatic stres...

Authors: Andreas Maercker, Tanja Zöllner, Hans Menning, Sirko Rabe and Anke Karl

Evaluation of the Edinburgh Post Natal Depression Scale using Rasch analysis

The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) is a 10 item self-rating post-natal depression scale which has seen widespread use in epidemiological and clinical studies. Concern has been raised over the vali...

Authors: Julie F Pallant, Renée L Miller and Alan Tennant

Mental health consultations in a prison population: a descriptive study

The psychiatric morbidity among prison inmates is substantially higher than in the general population. We do, however, have insufficient knowledge about the extent of psychiatric treatment provided in our pris...

Authors: Ellen Kjelsberg, Paal Hartvig, Harald Bowitz, Irene Kuisma, Peder Norbech, Aase-Bente Rustad, Marthe Seem and Tom-Gunnar Vik

Insight dimensions and cognitive function in psychosis: a longitudinal study

It has been reported that lack of insight is significantly associated with cognitive disturbance in schizophrenia. This study examines the longitudinal relationships between insight dimensions and cognitive pe...

Authors: Manuel J Cuesta, Victor Peralta, Amalia Zarzuela and Maria Zandio

Association between two distinct executive tasks in schizophrenia: a functional transcranial Doppler sonography study

Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder involving impairments in executive functioning, which are important cognitive processes that can be assessed by planning tasks such as the Stockings of Cambridge (SOC)...

Authors: Deborah Feldmann, Daniel Schuepbach, Bettina von Rickenbach, Anastasia Theodoridou and Daniel Hell

Posttraumatic stress disorder among female street-based sex workers in the greater Sydney area, Australia

This paper examines rates of exposure to work-related violence and other trauma, and the prevalence of lifetime and current posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among female street-based sex workers. It also i...

Authors: Amanda Roxburgh, Louisa Degenhardt and Jan Copeland

Disordered semantic representation in schizophrenic temporal cortex revealed by neuromagnetic response patterns

Loosening of associations and thought disruption are key features of schizophrenic psychopathology. Alterations in neural networks underlying this basic abnormality have not yet been sufficiently identified. P...

Authors: Andreas Löw, Brigitte Rockstroh, Thomas Elbert, Yaron Silberman and Shlomo Bentin

Topiramate in the treatment of compulsive sexual behavior: case report

Among the multiple mechanisms of action of topiramate, AMPA/kainate antagonism may be particularly interesting for the treatment of disorders characterized by conditioned cognitive and behavioral cue reactivity.

Authors: Yasser Khazaal and Daniele Fabio Zullino

Stigma in response to mental disorders: a comparison of Australia and Japan

There are few national or cross-cultural studies of the stigma associated with mental disorders. Australia and Japan have different systems of psychiatric health care, and distinct differences in cultural valu...

Authors: Kathleen M Griffiths, Yoshibumi Nakane, Helen Christensen, Kumiko Yoshioka, Anthony F Jorm and Hideyuki Nakane

Perceived quality of life in obsessive-compulsive disorder: related factors

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) affects young adults and has great impact on the social, emotional and work spheres.

Authors: Beatriz Rodriguez-Salgado, Helen Dolengevich-Segal, Manuel Arrojo-Romero, Paola Castelli-Candia, Mercedes Navio-Acosta, Maria M Perez-Rodriguez, Jeronimo Saiz-Ruiz and Enrique Baca-Garcia

Reconciling disparate prevalence rates of PTSD in large samples of US male Vietnam veterans and their controls

Two large independent studies funded by the US government have assessed the impact of the Vietnam War on the prevalence of PTSD in US veterans. The National Vietnam Veterans Readjustment Study (NVVRS) estimate...

Authors: William W Thompson, Irving I Gottesman and Christine Zalewski

Insomnia in school-age children with Asperger syndrome or high-functioning autism

Asperger syndrome (AS) and high-functioning autism (HFA) are pervasive developmental disorders (PDD) in individuals of normal intelligence. Childhood AS/HFA is considered to be often associated with disturbed ...

Authors: Hiie Allik, Jan-Olov Larsson and Hans Smedje

Predicting inpatient violence using an extended version of the Brøset-Violence-Checklist: instrument development and clinical application

Patient aggression is a common problem in acute psychiatric wards and calls for preventive measures. The timely use of preventive measures presupposes a preceded risk assessment. The Norwegian Brøset-Violence-...

Authors: Christoph Abderhalden, Ian Needham, Theo Dassen, Ruud Halfens, Hans-Joachim Haug and Joachim Fischer

Prevention of coronary heart disease in people with severe mental illnesses: a qualitative study of patient and professionals' preferences for care

People with severe mental illness (SMI) are at increased risk of developing coronary heart disease (CHD) and there is growing emphasis on the need to monitor their physical health. However, there is little con...

Authors: Christine A Wright, David PJ Osborn, Irwin Nazareth and Michael B King

Post-traumatic stress disorder following patient assaults among staff members of mental health hospitals: a prospective longitudinal study

Violence by patients against staff members in mental health institutions has become an important challenge. Violent attacks may not only cause bodily injuries but can also have posttraumatic consequences with ...

Authors: Dirk Richter and Klaus Berger

An exploratory mixed methods study of the acceptability and effectiveness of mindfulness -based cognitive therapy for patients with active depression and anxiety in primary care

Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) is an 8-week course developed for patients with relapsing depression that integrates mindfulness meditation practices and cognitive theory. Previous studies have demo...

Authors: Andy Finucane and Stewart W Mercer

The effect of web based depression interventions on self reported help seeking: randomised controlled trial [ISRCTN77824516]

To date, there has been very little work investigating behaviour changes induced by interventions that are designed to increase help seeking. The present paper examines the effects of two Internet depression w...

Authors: Helen Christensen, Liana S Leach, Lisa Barney, Andrew J Mackinnon and Kathy M Griffiths

Anxiety and stress in the postpartum: Is there more to postnatal distress than depression?

Postnatal depression has received considerable research and clinical attention, however anxiety and stress in the postpartum has been relatively ignored. Along with the widespread use of the Edinburgh Postnata...

Authors: Renée L Miller, Julie F Pallant and Lisa M Negri

Metabolic risk factor profile associated with use of second generation antipsychotics: a cross sectional study in a community mental health centre

Second generation antipsychotics (SGA) have demonstrated several advantages over first generation antipsychotics (FGA) in terms of positive, negative, cognitive, and affective symptoms and a lower propensity f...

Authors: Ilaria Tarricone, Michela Casoria, Beatrice Ferrari Gozzi, Daniela Grieco, Marco Menchetti, Alessandro Serretti, Manjola Ujkaj, Francesca Pastorelli and Domenico Berardi

Psychometric properties of the Farsi translation of the kiddie schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia-present and lifetime version

Semi-structural clinical interviews are very important in the area of mental health research and services. There were no studies of the reliability and validity of the Farsi (Persian) version of Kiddie Schedul...

Authors: Ahmad Ghanizadeh, Mohammad Reza Mohammadi and Arash Yazdanshenas

Cognitive function during early abstinence from opioid dependence: a comparison to age, gender, and verbal intelligence matched controls

Individuals with opioid dependence have cognitive deficits during abuse period in attention, working memory, episodic memory, and executive function. After protracted abstinence consistent cognitive deficit ha...

Authors: Pekka Rapeli, Reetta Kivisaari, Taina Autti, Seppo Kähkönen, Varpu Puuskari, Olga Jokela and Hely Kalska

Time to discontinuation of atypical versus typical antipsychotics in the naturalistic treatment of schizophrenia

There is an ongoing debate over whether atypical antipsychotics are more effective than typical antipsychotics in the treatment of schizophrenia. This naturalistic study compares atypical and typical antipsych...

Authors: Haya Ascher-Svanum, Baojin Zhu, Douglas Faries, Ron Landbloom, Marvin Swartz and Jeff Swanson

Auditory change detection in schizophrenia: sources of activity, related neuropsychological function and symptoms in patients with a first episode in adolescence, and patients 14 years after an adolescent illness-onset

The event-related brain response mismatch negativity (MMN) registers changes in auditory stimulation with temporal lobe sources reflecting short-term echoic memory and frontal sources a deviance-induced switch...

Authors: Robert D Oades, Nele Wild-Wall, Stephanie A Juran, Jan Sachsse, Ljubov B Oknina and Bernd Röpcke

Psychosis among "healthy" siblings of schizophrenia patients

Schizophrenia aggregates in families and accurate diagnoses are essential for genetic studies of schizophrenia. In this study, we investigated whether siblings of patients with schizophrenia can be identified ...

Authors: Ritva Arajärvi, Jonna Ukkola, Jari Haukka, Jaana Suvisaari, Jukka Hintikka, Timo Partonen and Jouko Lönnqvist

Word Processing differences between dyslexic and control children

The aim of this study was to investigate brain responses triggered by different wordclasses in dyslexic and control children. The majority of dyslexic children have difficulties to phonologically assemble a wo...

Authors: Isabella Paul, Christof Bott, Christian Wienbruch and Thomas R Elbert

Influence of postpartum onset on the course of mood disorders

To ascertain the impact of postpartum onset (PPO) on the subsequent time course of mood disorders.

Authors: Alessandro Serretti, Paolo Olgiati and Cristina Colombo

The effect of verbalization strategy on wisconsin card sorting test performance in schizophrenic patients receiving classical or atypical antipsychotics

A number of reports showed en encouraging remediation in some patients' executive deficits thanks to the use of 'information processing strategies'. Moreover the impact of antipsychotics on cognitive functions...

Authors: Alessandro Rossi, Enrico Daneluzzo, Annarita Tomassini, Francesca Struglia, Roberto Cavallaro, Enrico Smeraldi and Paolo Stratta

Urbanization and traffic related exposures as risk factors for Schizophrenia

Urban birth or upbringing increase schizophrenia risk. Though unknown, the causes of these urban-rural differences have been hypothesized to include, e.g., infections, diet, toxic exposures, social class, or a...

Authors: Carsten Bøcker Pedersen and Preben Bo Mortensen

Exploratory analysis of obsessive compulsive symptom dimensions in children and adolescents: a Prospective follow-up study

Recent statistical approaches based on factor analysis of obsessive compulsive (OC) symptoms in adult patients have identified dimensions that seem more effective in symptom-based taxonomies and appear to be m...

Authors: Richard Delorme, Arnaud Bille, Catalina Betancur, Flavie Mathieu, Nadia Chabane, Marie Christine Mouren-Simeoni and Marion Leboyer

Looking for pyromania: Characteristics of a consecutive sample of Finnish male criminals with histories of recidivist fire-setting between 1973 and 1993

As pyromania is a rare diagnosis with questionable validity, we aimed to describe a forensic psychiatric population of arson recidivists.

Authors: Nina Lindberg, Matti M Holi, Pekka Tani and Matti Virkkunen

The hospital anxiety and depression rating scale: A cross-sectional study of psychometrics and case finding abilities in general practice

General practitioners' (GPs) diagnostic skills lead to underidentification of generalized anxiety disorders (GAD) and major depressive episodes (MDE). Supplement of brief questionnaires could improve the diagn...

Authors: Ingrid Olssøn, Arnstein Mykletun and Alv A Dahl

Rating of personality disorder features in popular movie characters

Tools for training professionals in rating personality disorders are few. We present one such tool: rating of fictional persons. However, before ratings of fictional persons can be useful, we need to know whet...

Authors: Morten Hesse, Sanna Schliewe and Rasmus R Thomsen

Erratum to: Quetiapine augmentation of SRIs in treatment refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled study [ISRCTN83050762]

Authors: Paul D Carey, Bavanisha Vythilingum, Soraya Seedat, Jacqueline E Muller, Michael van Ameringen and Dan J Stein

Experiences in applying skills learned in a mental health first aid training course: a qualitative study of participants' stories

Given the high prevalence of mental disorders and the comparatively low rate of professional help-seeking, it is useful for members of the public to have some skills in how to assist people developing mental d...

Authors: Anthony F Jorm, Betty A Kitchener and Stephen K Mugford

Bright green light treatment of depression for older adults [ISRCTN69400161]

Bright white light has been successfully used for the treatment of depression. There is interest in identifying which spectral colors of light are the most efficient in the treatment of depression. It is theor...

Authors: Richard T Loving, Daniel F Kripke, Nancy C Knickerbocker and Michael A Grandner

Bright light treatment of depression for older adults [ISRCTN55452501]

The incidence of insomnia and depression in the elder population is significant. It is hoped that use of light treatment for this group could provide safe, economic, and effective rapid recovery.

Authors: Richard T Loving, Daniel F Kripke, Jeffrey A Elliott, Nancy C Knickerbocker and Michael A Grandner

Testing assumptions for endophenotype studies in ADHD: Reliability and validity of tasks in a general population sample

Advances in both genetic and cognitive-experimental studies on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have opened new opportunities for cognitive endophenotype research. In such genetic designs the fo...

Authors: Jonna Kuntsi, Penny Andreou, Jonathan Ma, Norbert A Börger and Jaap J van der Meere

Resource-oriented music therapy for psychiatric patients with low therapy motivation: Protocol for a randomised controlled trial [NCT00137189]

Previous research has shown positive effects of music therapy for people with schizophrenia and other mental disorders. In clinical practice, music therapy is often offered to psychiatric patients with low the...

Authors: Christian Gold, Randi Rolvsjord, Leif Edvard Aaro, Trond Aarre, Lars Tjemsland and Brynjulf Stige

Expression of POU-domain transcription factor, Oct-6, in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depression

The POU-domain transcription factor Oct-6 has been reported to be differentially expressed between schizophrenic and control post-mortem brains. In this study, we attempted to replicate this finding and to discov...

Authors: Kirenjeet Ubhi and Jack Price