From: Psychiatric diagnoses and punishment for misconduct: the effects of PTSD in combat-deployed Marines
 | Non-war deployed n = 13 944 | War deployed n = 77 881 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
 | HR | 95% CI | HR | 95% CI |
Psychiatric diagnosis status | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   No psychiatric diagnosis | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  |
   Psychiatric diagnosis without PTSD | 5.63** | 4.18 to 7.58 | 5.20** | 4.11 to 6.58 |
   PTSD diagnosis | 2.88 | 0.40 to 20.79 | 11.06** | 8.06 to 15.16 |
AFQT score | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Low (0-50) | 1.00* |  | 1.00 |  |
   Medium (51-70) | 0.76 | 0.54 to 1.05 | 0.66** | 0.52 to 0.83 |
   High (71-99) | 0.48** | 0.33 to 0.72 | 0.45** | 0.33 to 0.60 |
Sex | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Male | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  |
   Female | 0.52** | 0.32 to 0.84 | 0.38** | 0.19 to 0.77 |
Race/ethnicity | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Caucasian | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  |
   African American | 2.29** | 1.60 to 3.28 | 2.45** | 1.85 to 3.25 |
   Hispanic | 0.99 | 0.64 to 1.54 | 1.08 | 0.80 to 1.45 |
   Other/mixed/missing | 1.16 | 0.66 to 2.02 | 1.23 | 0.81 to 1.88 |
Accession age | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   <19 years | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  |
   ≥19 years | 1.20 | 0.90 to 1.61 | 0.69** | 0.56 to 0.85 |