Table 2 Variables associated with return to the criminal justice system. Hierarchical Cox regression analysis

Age

0.99 (0.98-0.99)

0.99 (0.99-1.00)¹

Male gender

1.59 (1.40-1.82)

1.56 (1.37-1.79)

Homelessness last 30 days

1.19 (1.09-1.29)

1.15 (1.05-1.25)

Lifetime history of psychiatric problems

Hospitalization

1.13 (1.02-1.25)

1.11 (1.00-1.23)¹

Suicide attempt

0.98 (0.89-1.08)

0.97 (0.88-1.07)

Depression

0.94 (0.86-1.04)

0.95 (0.86-1.04)

Anxiety

0.98 (0.90-1.08)

0.99 (0.90-1.09)

Cognitive problems

1.06 (0.98-1.15)

1.05 (0.97-1.14)

Hallucinations

1.02 (0.92-1.14)

1.01 (0.90-1.13)

Difficulty controlling violent behaviour

1.19 (1.09-1.28)

1.21 (1.11-1.31)

Lifetime history of substance use (>6 months)

Amphetamine, heroin and/or injection drug use²

- injecting, no heroin/amphetamine

1.48 (1.17-1.88)

1.54 (1.21-1.95)

- heroin use, no injecting

1.44 (1.12-1.85)

1.44 (1.12-1.86)

- heroin use, injecting

1.88 (1.55-2.27)

1.84 (1.52-2.23)

- amphetamine use, no injecting

1.26 (1.11-1.44)

1.28 (1.13-1.45)

- amphetamine, injecting

1.99 (1.78-2.22)

1.95 (1.74-2.18)

- heroin and amphetamine, no injecting

1.41 (1.05-1.89)

1.43 (1.07-1.93)

- heroin and amphetamine, injecting

2.12 (1.84-2.44)

2.08 (1.81-2.40)

Binge drinking

0.90 (0.83-0.97)

0.89 (0.83-0.97)

Other opioids than heroin/methadone

0.86 (0.77-0.97)

0.85 (0.76-0.95)

Sedatives

0.98 (0.90-1.08)

0.98 (0.90-1.07)

Cocaine

1.01 (0.91-1.13)

1.01 (0.90-1.12)

Cannabis

0.93 (0.85-1.01)

0.93 (0.86-1.01)

Hallucinogenic drugs

0.84 (0.75-0.95)

0.86 (0.76-0.96)

Number of substance types used last 30 days

1.05 (1.01-1.09)

1.04 (1.00-1.08)¹

Duration of index sentence

0.93 (0.91-0.94)

0.93 (0.92-0.95)

Main crime in index verdict

Violent crime

0.77 (0.68-0.87)

Property crime

1.19 (1.08-1.32)

Drug crime

0.83 (0.74-0.92)