Table 2 Frequency of psychiatric comorbidities in incident methylphenidate users and controls in 2005 to 2006
From: Comorbidities in ADHD children treated with methylphenidate: a database study
| Â | Males | Females | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Diagnostic Group (ICD-10-German Modification Codes) | Incident users | Controls | P-value | Incident users | Controls | P-value |
| Â | (N=13,460)%1 | (N=978,790)%1 | Â | (N=3,837)%1 | (N=1,000,300)%1 | Â |
Mental and behavioural disorders (F10-F99) 2 | 82.52 | 21.53 | <0.01 | 82.28 | 18.64 | <0.01 |
Mental and behavioural disorders due to psychoactive substance use (F10-F19) | 0.81 | 0.30 | <0.01 | 1.15 | 0.34 | <0.01 |
Schizophrenia, schizotypal and delusional disorders (F20-F29) | 0.35 | 0.06 | <0.01 | 0.47 | 0.07 | <0.01 |
Mood [affective] disorders (F30-F39) | 3.87 | 0.48 | <0.01 | 5.40 | 0.69 | <0.01 |
  Bipolar affective disorder (F31) | 0.01 | 0.003 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.01 | <0.01 |
  Depression (F32, F33) | 2.54 | 0.33 | <0.01 | 3.62 | 0.55 | <0.01 |
Neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders (F40-F48) | 19.81 | 3.58 | <0.01 | 25.70 | 4.88 | <0.01 |
  Generalized anxiety disorder (F41.1) | 0.57 | 0.18 | <0.01 | 1.09 | 0.23 | <0.01 |
Behavioural syndromes associated with physiological disturbances and physical factors (F50–F59) | 5.04 | 1.18 | <0.01 | 6.18 | 1.49 | <0.01 |
Disorders of adult personality and behaviour (F60-F69) | 10.36 | 1.11 | <0.01 | 9.59 | 1.11 | <0.01 |
Mental retardation (F70-F79) | 3.80 | 0.58 | <0.01 | 5.08 | 0.44 | <0.01 |
Disorders of psychological development (F80-F89) | 52.25 | 13.87 | <0.01 | 48.45 | 9.90 | <0.01 |
Behavioural and emotional disorders with onset usually occurring in childhood and adolescence2 (F91-F98) | 55.94 | 6.03 | <0.01 | 54.29 | 4.38 | <0.01 |
  Conduct disorder (F91) | 14.78 | 1.15 | <0.01 | 11.02 | 0.81 | <0.01 |
  Oppositional defiant disorder (F91.3) | 3.65 | 0.18 | <0.01 | 3.08 | 0.11 | <0.01 |
Unspecified mental disorder (F99) | 1.11 | 0.20 | <0.01 | 1.59 | 0.26 | <0.01 |