From: Urbanization and traffic related exposures as risk factors for Schizophrenia
Variable | No. of cases | Incidence * | Relative Risk (95 percent Confidence Interval) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
First Adjustment † | Second Adjustment ‡ | |||
Total | 10,394 | 3.31 | - | - |
Geographical distance to nearest major road at the 15th birthday | ||||
0–50 m | 1,089 | 3.08 | 1.16 (1.04, 1.30) | 1.05 (0.94, 1.18) |
50–100 m | 846 | 3.37 | 1.25 (1.11, 1.40) | 1.08 (0.96, 1.21) |
100–250 m | 2,308 | 3.38 | 1.25 (1.13, 1.38) | 1.07 (0.96, 1.18) |
250–500 m | 2,560 | 3.47 | 1.27 (1.15, 1.40) | 1.05 (0.94, 1.16) |
500–1000 m | 2,187 | 3.52 | 1.30 (1.17, 1.44) | 1.06 (0.96, 1.18) |
1000–2000 m | 961 | 2.95 | 1.13 (1.01, 1.27) | 1.02 (0.91, 1.14) |
>2000 m | 443 | 2.57 | 1.00(ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
(p < .00001) | (p = 0.77) | |||
Degree of Urbanization at the 15th birthday | ||||
Capital | 1559 | 6.53 | 2.10 (1.98, 2.24) | 2.09 (1.96, 2.22) |
Capital Suburb | 1947 | 4.07 | 1.48 (1.40, 1.56) | 1.47 (1.38, 1.56) |
Provincial City | 1154 | 3.49 | 1.34 (1.25, 1.43) | 1.32 (1.23, 1.42) |
Provincial Town | 2670 | 2.96 | 1.13 (1.07, 1.19) | 1.12 (1.06, 1.18) |
Rural Area | 3064 | 2.56 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
(p < .00001) | (p < .00001) |