Variables | Low narcissism (n = 88) | High narcissism (n = 98) | P | Effect Size | Total sample (n = 186) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, mean (SD) | 39.2 (13.5) | 35.7 (13.1) | 0.07 | 37.3 (13.4) | |
N (%) | N (%) | ||||
Gender | <0.001 | 0.53. | |||
Females | 48 (55) | 28 (29) | 76 (41) | ||
Males | 40 (45) | 70 (71) | 110 (59) | ||
Civil status | 0.44 | ||||
Married/Cohabiting | 26 (29) | 24 (24) | 50 (27) | ||
Single | 62 (71) | 74 (76) | 136 (73) | ||
Level of education | 0.22 | ||||
≤ 9 years | 34 (39) | 27 (28) | 61 (33) | ||
10 – 11 years | 31 (35) | 45 (46) | 76 (41) | ||
≥ 12 years | 23 (26) | 26 (26) | 49 (26) | ||
Job status | 0.83 | ||||
Working | 23 (26) | 27 (28) | 50 (27) | ||
Unemployed, pensioned | 65 (74) | 71 (72) | 136 (73) | ||
Admission status | 0.001 | 0.49 | |||
Voluntary | 53 (60) | 35 (36) | 88 (47) | ||
Involuntary | 35 (40) | 63 (64) | 98 (53) | ||
Diagnosis | |||||
Substance abuse | 5 (17) | 25 (26) | 0.002 | 40 (21) | |
Schizophrenia | 14 (16) | 34 (35) | 48 (26) | ||
Major depressions | 30 (34) | 24 (24) | 54 (29) | ||
Neurotic disorders | 19 (22) | 7 (7) | 26 (14) | ||
Personality disorders | 10 (11) | 8 (8) | 18 (10) | ||
Violence | <0.001 | ||||
None | 58 (66) | 42 (43) | 100 (54) | ||
Mild/moderate | 28 (32) | 37 (38) | 65 (35) | ||
Severe | 2 (2) | 19 (19) | 21 (11) | ||
Suicidal on admission | <0.001 | 0.58 | |||
No | 33 (37) | 65 (66) | 98 (53) | ||
Yes | 55 (63) | 33 (34) | 88 (47) | ||
Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | ||||
BPRS* | |||||
Total score | 54.9 (14.3 | 55.3 (14.8) | 0.78 | 55.1 (14.5) | |
Thinking disturbance | 6.4 (3.9) | 7.1 (3.9) | 0.26 | 6.8 (3.9) | |
Withdrawal/retardation | 4.5 (2.5) | 3.5 (1.8) | 0.003 | 0.47 | 3.9 (2.2) |
Anxiety/Depression | 11.1 (3.8) | 8.7 (3.9) | 0.001 | 0.62 | 9.8 (4.0) |
Hostility/suspiciousness | 5.9 (3.4) | 7.2 (3.9) | 0.08 | 6.6 (3.8) | |
Activation | 6.4 (3.6) | 7.5 (3.7) | 0.11 | 7.0 (3.7) | |
Suicidality | 4.0 (2.3) | 2.5 (2.0) | <0.001 | 0.70 | 3.2 (2.2) |
Rosenberg self-esteem* | 4.2 (2.6) | 7.5 (3.0) | <0.001 | 1.17 | 6.0 (3.2) |
HADS* | |||||
Depression | 11.0 (4.0) | 7.3 (4.5) | <0.001 | 0.87 | 9.0 (4.7) |
Anxiety | 13.5 (4.1) | 10.6 (5.4) | <0.001 | 0.60 | 12.0 (5.0) |
GAF-Function* | 42.9 (9.7) | 40.0 (11.5) | 0.08 | 41.4 (10.7) | |
GAF-Symptoms* | 41.3 (10.9) | 37.8 (11.1) | 0.04 | 39.5 (11.1) |