Table 2 Mean (SD) Factors, facets, clinical diagnoses, crime history, crime characteristics, victim-offender relationship, and life course development in homicidal male adolescents scoring low (total score < 26; n= 45) and high (total score ≥ 26; n= 12) on the PCL-R.
PCL-R < 26 | PCL-R ≥ 26 | Statistics | p | Phi | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Psychopathy | |||||
PCL-R factor 1 Interpersonal/Affective | 4.07 (2.38) | 10.7 (1.93) | -5.065 | 0.000 | -0.78 |
PCL-R factor 2 Social Deviance | 9.8 (5.03) | 17.42 (1.73) | -4.064 | 0.000 | -0.62 |
PCL-R facet 1 Interpersonal | 0.6 (0.83) | 3.9 (1.47) | -5.279 | 0.000 | -0.81 |
PCL-R facet 2 Affective | 3.93 (2.83) | 6.75 (1.05) | -3.970 | 0.001 | -0.61 |
PCL-R facet 3 Lifestyle | 5.74 (3.48) | 9.52 (0.71) | -3.320 | 0.001 | -0.51 |
PCL-R facet 4 Antisocial | 4.41 (2.34) | 8.25 (1.61) | -4.235 | 0.000 | -0.65 |
History of previous offending | |||||
Previous crime history | 19/45 (42%) | 9/12 (66%) | 4.073 | 0.044 | 0.27 |
Violent crime (assault, homicide, rape) | 12/44 (27%) | 5/12 (42%) | 0.924 | 0.336 | 0.13 |
Property crime | 16/44 (36%) | 8/12 (67%) | 3.535 | 0.060 | 0.25 |
Drug-related | 3/44 (7%) | 2/12 (17%) | † | 0.619 | 0.10 |
Clinical diagnoses during the index homicide | |||||
Psychotic disorder | 2/45 (4%) | 2/12 (17%) | † | 0.141 | 0.20 |
Organic disorder | 1/45 (2%) | 1/12 (8%) | † | 0.380 | 0.14 |
Depressive disorder | 9/45 (20%) | 4/12 (19%) | † | 0.440 | 0.13 |
Conduct disorder or anti-social personality disorder | 20/45 (44%) | 9/12 (75%) | 3.539 | 0.060 | 0.25 |
Another than antisocial personality disorder | 21/45 (47%) | 9/12 (75%) | 3.051 | 0.081 | 0.23 |
Alcohol abuse/dependence | 20/45 (44%) | 7/12 (58%) | 0.733 | 0.392 | 0.11 |
Substance abuse | 11/45 (24%) | 6/12 (50%) | 2.956 | 0.086 | 0.23 |
No diagnosis | 3/45 (7%) | 0/12 (0%) | † | 0.358 | -0.12 |
Crime characteristics | |||||
Excessive violence during the index homicide | 4/44 (9%) | 4/11 (36%) | † | 0.042 | 0.31 |
More than one offender | 12/41 (29%) | 7/12 (58%) | 3.410 | 0.065 | 0.25 |
More than one victim | 3/41 (7%) | 0/12 (0%) | † | 0.335 | -0.13 |
Another crime in association with the homicide | 18/40 (45%) | 8/11 (73%) | 2.654 | 0.103 | 0.23 |
Victim-offender relationship | |||||
Family | 9/44 (21%) | 1/11 (9%) | † | 0.667 | -0.12 |
(Ex-)intimate | 1/44 (2%) | 1/11 (9%) | † | 0.363 | 0.15 |
Acquaintance | 24/44 (55%) | 7/11 (64%) | 0.296 | 0.587 | 0.07 |
Stranger | 10/44 (23%) | 2/11 (18%) | † | 1.000 | 0.04 |
Life course development | |||||
Lived with both parents until 16 years of age | 22/45 (49%) | 1/12 (8%) | † | 0.018 | -0.34 |
Institutional or foster home placement in childhood | 14/45 (31%) | 7/12 (58%) | 2.387 | 0.029 | 0.29 |
Parental alcohol abuse | 26/44 (59%) | 8/10 (80%) | 1.528 | 0.216 | 0.17 |
Parental psychiatric problems | 7/41 (17%) | 4/11 (36%) | † | 0.164 | 0.19 |
Physical violence at childhood home | 15/45 (33%) | 6/11 (55%) | 1.697 | 0.193 | 0.17 |
Parental criminal history | 8/44 (18%) | 7/12 (58%) | 7.751 | 0.005 | 0.37 |
Homicide history of parents or near relatives | 8/44 (18%) | 7/12 (58%) | 7.751 | 0.005 | 0.37 |
School difficulties | 31/45 (69%) | 12/12 (100%) | 4.949 | 0.026 | 0.30 |
Special education | 18/45 (40%) | 12/12 (100%) | 13.680 | 0.000 | 0.49 |
Mental health contact prior to age 18 years | 19/45 (42%) | 9/12 (75%) | 4.073 | 0.044 | 0.27 |