Significant treatment effect of adjunct music therapy to standard treatment on the positive, negative, and mood symptoms of schizophrenic patients: a meta-analysis

Tseng, Ping-Tao; Chen, Yen-Wen; Lin, Pao-Yen; Tu, Kun-Yu; Wang, Hung-Yu; Cheng, Yu-Shian; Chang, Yi-Chung; Chang, Chih-Hua; Chung, Weilun; Wu, Ching-Kuan

doi:10.1186/s12888-016-0718-8

Table 1 Summary of characteristics of studies in current meta-analysis

From: Significant treatment effect of adjunct music therapy to standard treatment on the positive, negative, and mood symptoms of schizophrenic patients: a meta-analysis

Study	Diagnostic criteria	Diagnosis	Comparison	N	Dropout rate	Mean age (years)	Gender (%female)	Chlorpromazine equivalence (mg/day)	Severity	Primary outcome	Subscale	Trials	Country
Gold, C. (2013)¹¹	ICD-10	Psychotic disorder Affective disorder	Music therapy Control	72 72	27.8 33.3	34.0 ± 11.3	47.9	n/a	n/a	SANS	negative symptoms	Prospective, SB, RCT	Norway
Lu, S.F. (2013)¹⁴	DSM-IV	Schizophrenia	Music therapy Control	38 42	7.9 4.8	52.02 ± 7.6	26.3	530.2 ± 146.4	mild	PANSS	positive, negative, general psychopathology, mood symptoms	Prospective, SB, RCT	Taiwan
Peng, S.M. (2010)¹⁵	DSM-IV-TR	Schizophrenia	Music therapy Control	29 30	9.4 14.3	36.0 ± 7.2	45.8	n/a	mild	BPRS	positive, negative, mood symptoms	Prospective, RCT	Taiwan
Li, Y.M. (2007)¹⁰	CCMD-3	Schizophrenia	Music therapy Control	30 30	0.0 0.0	32.0 ± 12.0	0	n/a	n/a	SDS	mood symptoms	Prospective, RCT	China
Ulrich, G. (2007)¹³	ICD-10	Schizophrenia Schizoaffective	Music therapy Control	21 16	23.8 31.3	37.8 ± 9.4	45.9	456.7 ± 313.9	mild	SANS	negative symptoms	Prospective, DB, RCT	Germany
Talwar, N. (2006)⁵	ICD-10	Schizophrenia	Music therapy Control	33 48	15.2 14.6	37.4 ± 11.4	25.9	453.8 ± 376.0	mild	PANSS	positive, negative, general psychopathology	Prospective, SB, RCT	UK
He, F.R. (2005)⁹	CCMD-3	Schizophrenia	Music therapy Control	30 30	n/a	35.0 ± 8.0	15.0	n/a	n/a	SANS	negative symptoms	Prospective, RCT	China
Wen, S.R. (2005)¹²	CCMD-3	Schizophrenia	Music therapy Control	16 14	0.0 0.0	n/a	30.0	n/a	moderate	BPRS	mood symptoms	Prospective, RCT	China
Hayashi, N. (2002)¹⁶	DSM-IV	Schizophrenia Schizoaffective	Music therapy Control	34 32	n/a	67.5 ± 9.1	100.0	730.0 ± 628.0	severe	PANSS	positive, negative, general psychopathology	Prospective, non-RCT	Japan
Yang, W.Y. (1998)⁷	CCMD-2	Schizophrenia	Music therapy Control	40 30	2.4 3.2	38.7 ± 7.8	41.4	n/a	mild	BPRS SANS	negative symptoms	Prospective, RCT	China
Pavlicevic, M. (1994)³⁴	SADS	Schizophrenia	Music therapy Control	21 20	9.5 0.0	38.2 ± 8.8	19.5	n/a	mild	BPRS SANS	negative symptoms	Prospective, non-RCT	UK
Tang, W. (1994)⁶	DSM-III-R	Schizophrenia, residual type	Music therapy Control	38 38	0.0 0.0	33.5 ± 8.0	19.7	531.0 ± 226.4	n/a	SANS	negative symptoms	Prospective, SB, RCT	China

Data presentation: mean ± SD
Abbreviation: SD standard deviation, n/a not available, DSM-IV diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4th Edition, DSM-IV-TR diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4th edition, text revision, DSM-III-R diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 3rd edition, revision, ICD-10 international classification of disease, 10th edition, CCMD-2 chinese classification of mental disorders, 2nd edition, CCMD-3, chinese classification of mental disorders, 3rd edition, SADS schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia, PANSS positive and negative syndrome scales, BPRS brief psychiatric rating scales, SANS schedule for assessment of negative symptoms, SDS self-rating depression scales, RCT randomized controlled trials, non-RCT non randomized controlled trials, DB double-blinded, SB single-blinded, UK United Kingdom

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ISSN: 1471-244X

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