Not depressed (PHQ-9 < 5) and no DP/DR (CDS-2 = 0) (n = 9,301) | Depressed (PHQ-9 ≥ 10) | Cohen’s d§ | Test for depression with DP/DR versus depression only | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
no DP/DR (CDS-2 = 0) (n = 599) | DP/DR (CDS-2 ≥ 1) (n = 522) | ||||
PHQ-9 ≥ 10, % (n) | 2.2% (169/7792) | 39.7% (182/458) | 59.7% (233/390) | p < 0.0001 | |
PHQ-9 < 5, % (n) | 78.4% (6109/7797) | 15.9% (73/459) | 6.9% (27/391) | p < 0.0001 | |
PHQ-9 sum score, median (Q1/Q3) | 3.00 (1.00/4.00) | 8.00 (6.00/12.00) | 11.00 (7.88/14.00) | 0.42 | p < 0.0001 |
GAD-2 ≥ 3, % (n) | 2.3% (177/7736) | 26.9% (122/454) | 42.4% (165/389) | p < 0.0001 | |
GAD-2 sum score, median (Q1/Q3) | 0 (0/1.00) | 2.00 (1.00/3.00) | 2.00 (2.00/3.00) | 0.38 | p < 0.0001 |
CDS-2 sum score, median (Q1/Q3) | 0 (0/0) | 0 (0/0) | 1.00 (0/2.00) | 0.71 | p < 0.0001 |
CDS-2 ≥ 3, % (n) | 0.2% (15/7773) | 2.9% (13/456) | 13.1% (51/388) | p < 0.0001 | |
Physical health, mean (SD) | 2.02 (0.56) | 2.51 (0.71) | 2.64 (0.69) | 0.20 | p = 0.0041 |
Mental health, mean (SD) | 1.90 (0.59) | 2.60 (0.74) | 2.69 (0.72) | 0.13 | p = 0.051 |