Fig. 3

Proportion With Nonchronic Dispensing. A statistically significant decreasing trend (P < 0.05) in the proportion of individuals dispensed opioids nonchronically from 2015 to 2019 was observed in patients with schizophrenia, in patients with bipolar disorder, and in associated matched controls. A In the Commercial database, the slope of the joinpoint regression line was − 1.42 for both patients with schizophrenia (solid red line) and their matched controls (dashed red line; P = 0.43); the slope of the joinpoint regression line was − 1.50 for both patients with bipolar disorder (solid black line) and their matched controls (dashed black line; P = 0.10). B In the Medicaid database, the slope of the joinpoint regression line was − 2.45 for patients with schizophrenia (solid red line) and their controls (dashed red line; P = 0.23); among patients with bipolar disorder (solid black line) and their controls, the slope was − 2.63 (dashed black line; P = 0.10)