Table 1 Demographic and Clinical Characteristics: Patients With Schizophrenia or Bipolar Disorder and Matched Controls, 2019
From: Prescription opioid dispensing patterns among patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder
Commercial Databasea 2019 | ||||
Parameter | Schizophrenia (N = 4773) | Schizophrenia Controls (N = 4773) | Bipolar Disorder (N = 52,780) | Bipolar Disorder Controls (N = 52,780) |
Age, mean (SD), years | 39.0 (14.7) | 39.0 (14.7) | 41.5 (13.6) | 41.5 (13.6) |
Sex, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Female | 1998 (41.9) | 1998 (41.9) | 34,683 (65.7) | 34,683 (65.7) |
 Male | 2775 (58.1) | 2775 (58.1) | 18,097 (34.3) | 18,097 (34.3) |
Regional division (Commercial database only), n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 East North Central | 844 (17.7) | 761 (15.9) | 9544 (18.1) | 8696 (16.5) |
 East South Central | 254 (5.3) | 245 (5.1) | 3273 (6.2) | 2863 (5.4) |
 Middle Atlantic | 1047 (21.9) | 672 (14.1) | 8325 (15.8) | 7762 (14.7) |
 Mountain | 190 (4.0) | 242 (5.1) | 2724 (5.2) | 2629 (5.0) |
 New England | 165 (3.5) | 153 (3.2) | 2188 (4.2) | 1780 (3.4) |
 Pacific | 345 (7.2) | 431 (9.0) | 3571 (6.8) | 4392 (8.3) |
 South Atlantic | 890 (18.7) | 942 (19.7) | 10,002 (19.0) | 10,575 (20.0) |
 West North Central | 253 (5.3) | 261 (5.5) | 2721 (5.2) | 2713 (5.1) |
 West South Central | 331 (6.9) | 551 (11.5) | 4757 (9.0) | 5668 (10.7) |
 Unknown | 454 (9.5) | 515 (10.8) | 5675 (10.8) | 5702 (10.8) |
CCIb,c | ||||
 Mean (SD) | 0.25 (0.70) | 0.09 (0.41) | 0.25 (0.69) | 0.10 (0.43) |
Non-CCI comorbidities, n (%)c | ||||
 Pain | 1734 (36.3) | 1215 (25.5) | 26,064 (49.4) | 16,038 (30.4) |
 Substance use disorderd | 540 (11.3) | 39 (0.8) | 5570 (10.6) | 357 (0.7) |
 Nicotine dependence | 534 (11.2) | 81 (1.7) | 4406 (8.4) | 949 (1.8) |
 Anxiety disorder | 1409 (29.5) | 289 (6.1) | 21,942 (41.6) | 4044 (7.7) |
 Depressive disorder | 1146 (24.0) | 224 (4.7) | 14,641 (27.7) | 3188 (6.0) |
 Post-traumatic stress disorder | 269 (5.6) | 15 (0.3) | 4638 (8.8) | 245 (0.5) |
 Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder | 274 (5.7) | 100 (2.1) | 7760 (14.7) | 944 (1.8) |
 Personality disorder | 163 (3.4) | 6 (0.1) | 2103 (4.0) | 35 (0.1) |
Medicaid Databasee 2019 | ||||
Parameter | Schizophrenia (N = 30,179) | Schizophrenia Controls (N = 30,179) | Bipolar Disorder (N = 63,455) | Bipolar Disorder Controls (N = 63,455) |
Age, mean (SD), years | 43.4 (12.8) | 43.4 (12.8) | 39.5 (12.4) | 39.5 (12.4) |
Sex, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Female | 12,135 (40.2) | 12,135 (40.2) | 44,925 (70.8) | 44,925 (70.8) |
 Male | 18,044 (59.8) | 18,044 (59.8) | 18,530 (29.2) | 18,530 (29.2) |
Race (Medicaid database only), n (%) | ||||
 Black | 14,569 (48.3) | 10,191 (33.8) | 12,646 (19.9) | 23,223 (36.6) |
 White | 11,330 (37.5) | 14,840 (49.2) | 43,239 (68.1) | 30,871 (48.7) |
 Hispanic | 539 (1.8) | 797 (2.6) | 940 (1.5) | 1927 (3.0) |
 Other | 3295 (10.9) | 3564 (11.8) | 5875 (9.3) | 6345 (10.0) |
 Unknown | 446 (1.5) | 787 (2.6) | 755 (1.2) | 1089 (1.7) |
CCIb,c | ||||
 Mean (SD) | 0.64 (1.21) | 0.31 (0.86) | 0.62 (1.09) | 0.23 (0.71) |
Non-CCI comorbidities, n (%)c | ||||
 Pain | 14,486 (48.0) | 9819 (32.5) | 40,721 (64.2) | 20,080 (31.6) |
 Substance use disordersd | 7290 (24.2) | 1959 (6.5) | 17,049 (26.9) | 3199 (5.0) |
 Nicotine dependence | 9952 (33.0) | 3820 (12.7) | 22,134 (34.9) | 6989 (11.0) |
 Anxiety disorders | 8763 (29.0) | 2896 (9.6) | 29,037 (45.8) | 6352 (10.0) |
 Depressive disorders | 8223 (27.3) | 2908 (9.6) | 20,820 (32.8) | 6297 (9.9) |
 Post-traumatic stress disorder | 2997 (9.9) | 458 (1.5) | 12,986 (20.5) | 1040 (1.6) |
 Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder | 1338 (4.4) | 391 (1.3) | 8088 (12.8) | 912 (1.4) |
 Personality disorders | 1871 (6.2) | 71 (0.2) | 4557 (7.2) | 157 (0.2) |