Table 3 Reliability analysis of TCL scale (n = 965)

1

Did you inhale teargas?

.87

.55

.84

2

Did you or any of your family members witness a night raid/day raid?

.86

.59

.85

3

Did you witness painful hand tying during the moments of arrest?

.81

.58

.87

4

Have you witnessed sniffer dogs during the moments of arrest?

.84

.63

.89

5

Did you witness the demolition of homes/your school/of a friend/ relative?

.77

.64

.77

6

Is your home threatened by demolition?

.85

.61

.82

7

Have you been assaulted by settlers?

.84

.45

.84

8

Have you been assaulted by soldiers?

.83

.56

.83

9

Have you been assaulted by pigs or dogs owned by settlers?

.84

.66

.79

10

Did you experience any attack against your school or your home?

.88

.61

.83

11

Have you been injured during the participation in the great march of return?

.83

.74

.82

12

Have you been detained by the Israeli army while going to school?

.87

.56

.79

13

Were you subjected to gunshots?

.80

.47

.81

14

Were you insulted on a military barricade?

.77

.67

.83

15

Were you arrested?

.84

.52

.87

16

Was your house subjected to shelling by tanks?

.90

.62

.88

17

Was your house subjected to shelling by planes or drones?

.78

.69

.81

18

Were you kept inside your house with your family by military forces?

.83

.44

.86

19

Were you burnt by grenades or phosphorous bombs?

.84

.71

.84

20

Have you ever been surrounded by shelling?

.86

.52

.79

21

Were you injured or hurt during the war?

.87

.61

.78

22

Did you have any fears of death as a result of the continuous shelling?

.81

.71

.86

23

Were you deprived from medical care at the time that you needed it?

.83

.73

.81

24

Were your deprived of water, food and electricity?

.84

.67

.86

25

Were you and your family subjected to eviction?

.87

.65

.82

26

Was one of your family members injured?

.79

.63

.84

27

Was one of your family members arrested?

.87

.47

.81

28

Did you see one of your family members beaten by the Israeli army?

.89

.53

.82

29

Did you see one of your family members isolated by the Israeli army?

.83

.72

.83

30

Did you lose a family member due to military violence?

.80

.62

.81

31

Were you obliged to leave your house during the shelling?

.86

.61

.82

32

Were you and your family forced to leave before the shelling or after the shelling?

.87

.55

.84

33

Did you see a friend get killed?

.82

.62

.82

34

Did you see a friend or friends get injured?

.89

.75

.81

35

Did you see strangers get killed?

.77

.64

.87

36

Did you see strangers injured?

.86

.58

.82

37

Did you see a shooting?

.85

.62

.83

38

Did you see the remains of a car that had been shelled by a plane?

.86

.71

.84

39

Did you see the remains of a car that had been shelled by a tank?

.81

.67

.85

40

Did you see funerals of martyrs?

.82

.68

.87

41

Did you see body parts of martyrs or dead people?

.90

.72

.81

42

Did you see people dying during the shelling?

.91

.54

.83

43

Was your house demolished by the occupation while you are outside of it?

.82

.61

.84

44

Was your land subjected to bulldozing by the occupation?

.87

.57

.83

45

Was your area subjected to incursion?

.86

.63

.85

46

Did you suffer any losses due to shelling?

.81

.62

.82

47

Did you have losses in your house due to shelling?

.82

.64

.81

48

Did your family lose its source of living as a result of military violence?

.87

.77

.83

PVTE

.86

.84

.92

MVI

.84

.83

.90

MVIF

.87

.82

.90

TCL total score

.88

.86

.93